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Microbiology II > Nematodes (Roundworms) and Arthropods > Flashcards

Nematodes (Roundworms) and Arthropods Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Most common and largest intestinal nematode; causes Loeffler’s syndrome (hypersensitivity pneumonitis) during lung migration, intestinal obstruction and malnutrition

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

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2
Q

DOC for Ascariasis, hookworms

A

Albendazole

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3
Q

Hookworms (2)

A
  1. Necator americanus

2. Ancylostoma duodenale

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4
Q

Penetrate the skin and cause ground itch and cutaneous larve migrans; eosinophilic pneumonia, mild GIT symptoms and microcytic, hypochromic anemia and hypoalbuminemia

A

Hookworms (necator americanus, ancylostoma duodenale)

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5
Q

Chinese lantern shaped egg; cause diarrhea and rectal prolapse due to increased effort to expel the worms; no lung migration phase

A

Trichuris trichiura (whipworm)

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6
Q

DOC for trichuris trichiura

A

Mebendazole (no need for systemic effect)

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7
Q

“Cosmopolitan worm”; eggs obtained from the perianal area by Graham’s scotch tape technique; causes pruritus ani, enterocolitis, vaginitiss or oxyuriasis (appendicitis)

A

Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm)

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8
Q

DOC for enterobius vermicularis

A

Pyrantel pamoate

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9
Q

Facultative helminth; diagnosed with Harada-Mori culture; can cause larva currens (serpiginous track), duodenitis, asthma, eosinophilic pneumonia, or hyperinfection syndrome

A

Strongyloides stercoralis

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10
Q

DOC for Strongyloides stercoralis

A

Ivermectin

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11
Q

Only nematode whose life cycle involves a migratory bird

A

Capillaria philippinensis

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12
Q

Peanut shaped eggs with flattened bipolar plugs; lead to severe malabsorption (borborygmus, protein losing enteropathy, hypogammaglobulinemia)

A

Capillaria philippinensis

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13
Q

DOC for Capillaria philippinensis

A

Albendazole

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14
Q

Causative agents of filariasis (2)

A
  1. Wuchereria bancrofti

2. Brugia malayi

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15
Q

Widespread, prefers scrotal lymphatics, more severe filariasis, transmitted by culex, aedes, and anopheles mosquitoes

A

Wuchereria bancrofti

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16
Q

Common in southeast Asia, prefers limb lymphatics (elephantiasis), transmitted by mansonia mosquito

A

Brugia malayi

17
Q

Best time for specimen collection for filariasis

A

Between 8PM-4AM (nocturnal periodicity)

18
Q

Test that induces filariasis worms to come out for diagnostic sampling

A

Diethylcarbamazine provocation test

19
Q

Adult worms cause lymphatic obstruction; tropical pulmonary eosinophilia, Meyers-Kouvenaar bodies, hydrocele or elephantiasis, chyluria

A

Filariasis

20
Q

Endemicity: Bancroftian filariasis (4)

A
  1. Sorsogon
  2. Samar
  3. Leyte
  4. Palawan

All of Mindanao

21
Q

Endemicity: Malayan filariasis

A
  1. Eastern Samar
22
Q

DOC for filariasis

A

Diethylcarbamazine

23
Q

Transmitted thru undercooked pork; larva are encysted within host derived cells (nurse cell) in muscle cells, causing periorbital edema, hemorrhagic conjunctivae or splinter hemorrhages, myocarditis, respiratory myositis

A

Trichinella spiralis

24
Q

DOC for trichinella

A

Thiabendazole

25
Q

Transmitted by female blackfly (Simulium); dermal nodules, hanging groin, lizard skin, river blindness

A

Onchocerca volvulus

26
Q

Lysis of worms causes inflammatory reaction upon initiation of Ivermectin treatment

A

Mazzotti reaction

27
Q

Calabar swellings, worms crawling across the conjunctiva, transmitted by the deer or mango fly

A

Loa loa

28
Q

“serpent of the Israelites”; pruritic painful papule with a live worm in the skin ulcer that must be slowly removed

A

Dracunculus medinensis

29
Q

Dog ascaris; causes visceral and ocular larva migrans

A

Toxocara canis

30
Q

Dog and cat hookworm; can only penetrate until the skin (cutaneous larva migrans)

A

Ancylostoma caninum and brasiliense

31
Q

Most common cause of parasitic/eosinophilic meningitis; transmitted via undercooked seafood

A

Angiostrongylus cantonensis

32
Q

Eosinophilic gastroenteritis

A

Anisakis simplex

33
Q

Pruritus of scalp or trunk

A

Pediculus humanus

34
Q

Pruritus of pubic area

A

Pediculus pubis

35
Q

Pruritic, painful, erythemtous nodules with larva

A

Dermatobia hominis

36
Q

Pruritic erythematous wheals in constellation

A

Cimex lectularius (bedbugs)

37
Q

Pruritic erythematous papules with linear tracts

A

Sarcoptes scabei

38
Q

Ascending paralysis

A

Dermacentor (ticks)

39
Q

Tx for scabies

A

Permethrin lotion; sulfur in pregnant patients

Microbiology II (13 decks)

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