Viral Pathogens: Classification, Biology And Disease Part II Flashcards
Why do viruses infect T cells?
They have CD4 on their cell surface membrane which allows the binding and invasion of viral particles
What is the HIV set point viral load?
Number of HIV particles you can have without the immune system detecting it, with the virus still replicating
What does inhibition of immune cell function allow?
Other pathogens to replicate in virus infected hosts
What do permissive CD4 T cells allow?
Viral cells to invade but not replicate
What do non-permissive CD4 T cells allow and why??
Viral cells to invade but not replicate because the virus is recognised by the innate immune system
What is the HIV pathogenic cycle?
Pyrophosis causes inflammation
T cell recruitment
HIV Tcell infection
Infected + cell death by pyroptosis
Why is there inflammation caused by the HIV pathogenic cycle?
Migration of neutrophils and monocytes into the tissues
- > Cell death and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and cellular contents
- > More inflammation
What are the HIV associated viruses?
Herpes simplex virus
Kaposi’s sarcoma herpesvirus
What are the HIV associated bacteria?
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Salmonella
What are the HIV associated fungus?
Candida
Cryptococcosis neoformans
What are the HIV associated parasites?
Cryptosporidium
Toxoplasma gondii
What are the two routes of possible infection in AIDS?
Primary infection
Reactivation from latency
When does reactivation from latency occur?
Immunodeficiency
What type of cancer does human papilloma virus cause?
Skin
What type of cancer does Epstein-Barr virus cause?
Lymphoma
