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Microbiology Unit 2 > Viral Pathogens > Flashcards

Viral Pathogens Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

How are respiratory viruses transmitted?

A

aerosols

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2
Q

How are fecal-oral viruses transmitted?

A

food, water, dirty hands

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3
Q

How are contact viruses transmitted?

A

lesions, saliva, fomites

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4
Q

How are zoonose viruses transmitted?

A

animals, insects

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5
Q

How are blood viruses transmitted?

A

direct contact, blood products, organ transplants

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6
Q

How are sexual viruses transmitted?

A

mucous membranes, blood

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7
Q

How are maternal-neonatal viruses transmitted?

A

birth, breastmilk

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8
Q

How are genetic viruses transmitted?

A

prions, retroviruses

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9
Q

What four aspects determine susceptibility and severity of viral disease?

A

nature of response (route)
viral dose
status of person
virus-host interactions

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10
Q

How is smallpox acquired, disseminated, and shed?

A

Acquired: resp tract
Disseminated: blood
Shed: pustules on skin

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11
Q

What do M cells in the gut do?

A

Sample contents of gut

present to immune system

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12
Q

What is the advantage for a virus to infect an M cell?

A

can reach blood easily

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13
Q

What does primary viremia lead to?

A

replication in internal organs

can be asymptomatic

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14
Q

What does secondary viremia lead to?

A

dissemination and shedding

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15
Q

What are some possible virus-host interactions?

A 
unnoticed
cause illness
autoimmunity
lethal
persistant
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16
Q

A successful virus will avoid destroying _____ before ______ is finished

A

host

replication

17
Q

What are the viral stages? which are chronic?

A

Chronic: persistant, latent, slow

not chronic: acute, transforming

18
Q

What direct effect of viral infection can lead to organ damage or failure?

A

cell inactivation

19
Q

What is one example of viral cell inactivation?

A

syncytium - multinucleated cell from fusion

from respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

20
Q

what comprises the indirect effects of viral infection?

A

immunopathology

21
Q

What cause viral immune pathology?

A

T cells

antibody complexes

22
Q

What two viruses can be made worse by vaccination?

A

Dengue fever

RSV

Microbiology Unit 2 (14 decks)

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