Fungi 2 Flashcards
What is an example of a superficial mycosis? What does it infect?
- Dermatophytosis
- superficial keratin structures - produces keratinases
What are sympoms of Dermatophytosis?
Tinea (jock’s itch, althlete’s foot, ringworm)
How is Dermatophytosis (a superficial mycosis) spread? How is it treated?
spread: fomites, autoinnoculation
treated: topical azole (or orally with griseofulvin)
Do superficial mycoses require thermal dimorphism?
No
How are subcutaneous mycoses introduced? How do they spread from the site of introduction?
-Introduced: trauma exposing subcu tissue to soil or vegetation
Spread: Lymphatics - toward trunk
Do subcutanous mycoses have thermal dimorphism?
Yes
How are most cases of sporotrichosis, a subcutaneous mycosis, treated? How are serious cases treated?
-Most: oral azoles
Serious: Amphotericin B (polyene), local surgery
What fungus causes Sporotrichosis, a subcutaneous mycosis?
Sporothix spp
Do Systemic mycoses have thermal dismorphism?
Yes
Are systemic mycoses transmissible from person to person?
No
How is coccidioides, a systemic mysosis, acquired?
spores inhaled
How is coccidioides, a systemic mycosis, treated in various ways?
-predisposed to complications: oral azoles
-meningitis: fluconazole
pregnant or disseminated: amphotericin B (polyene)
What distinguishes mild, moderate, and severe coccidioides, a systemic mycosis?
- mild: asymptomatic or flu-like
- moderate: valley fever/dessert rheumatism (pulmonary + EN)
- severe: pneuomonia or dissemination
What can systemic mycoses mimc? What is the difference?
- TB
- American soil vs foreign crowds
How are opportunistic mycoses treated?
- based on pre-existing conditions
- treat infection and underlying problem
What does cryptococcosis, an opportunistic mycosis, do?
supresses host inflammatory response
When and how does cryptococcosis, an opportunistic mycosis, present?
late in disease with meningitis and skin nodules, or pulmonary symptoms
How os cryptococcosis, an opportunistic mycosis, treated?
combo azoles + Amphotericin B
