VII - Other Bacteria Flashcards
Bacteria in undulating fever
Brucella abortus
DOC in Brucellosis
Doxycycline + Rifampin
Brucella transmission
contaminated dairy
Bacteria in Tularemia
Francisella tularensis
Reservoir of Francisella
Rabbits, deer, rodents
Tularemia transmission
ticks (Dermacentor)
DOC for Tularemia
Streptomycin, Gentamicin
Bacteria in bubonic plague
Yersinia pestis
Most virulent bacteria
Yersinia pestis
Morphology of Yersinia pestis
safety pin staining
DOC in bubonic plague
Streptomycin + Tetracyclin
Reservoir of Yersinia
Wild rodents
Clinical finding in bubonic plague
buboes
Transmitted thru animal bites, exhibit bipolar staining
Pasteurella multocida
Assay for drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Luciferase assay
Most imporant virulence factor in TB
Cord factor
TB virulence factor, prevents phagosome-lysosome fusion
Sulfatide
TB virulence factor, elicits delayed hypersensitivity
Tuberculin surface protein
PPD cut-off in low-risk
> 15mm
PPD cut-off in high-risk
> 10mm
PPD cut-off in HIV, AIDS, old TB, immunocompromised
> 5mm
Finding in apical TB, reactivation
Simon’s focus
Causes pulmonary disease in immunocompromised pts, CD4 <50
Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex
Reservoir, culture of Mycobacterium leprae
Armadillo
2 types of leprosy
Tuberculoid, Lepromatous
DOC in tuberculoid leprosy
Dapsone + Rifampin
DOC in lepromatous leprosy
Dapsone + Rifampin + Clofazimine
(+) Lepromin test in (tuberculoid? Lepromatous?)
Tuberculoid
Presents with hard swollen sinus tracts in local trauma (jaw, dental)
Actinomyces israelli (Actinomycosis)
DOC in Actinomycosis
Penicillin G
Bacteria with hyphae
Nocardia asteroides
Manifestation of Nocardia in lung and brain abscess
Mycetomas
Smallest free-living organism
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Provides attachment for Mycoplasma
Toll-like receptor 2 protein
MCC of walking/atypical pneumonia
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
MCC infectious cause of SJS
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
DOC for Mycoplasma
Erythromycin
Nonulcerated ulcer, non-painful, in primary syphilis
Chancre
Warty lesion of the genitals in secondary syphilis
Condyloma lata
Granulomas of tertiary syphilis
Gummas
Neurologic findings in tertiary syphilis
Tabes dorsalis, Argyll-Robertson/Prostitute pupil, dementia paralytica
Findings in congenital syphilis
Saddle nose, Hutchinson triad (Hutchinson teeth, deafness, keratitis)
Unilateral enlargement of sternoclavicular portion of clavicle
Higoumenakis sign, in congenital syphilis
COD in congenital syphilis
Pulmonary hemorrhage
Diagnostic of choice in primary syphilis
Darkfield microscopy
Diagnostic of choice in secondary syphilis
RPR/VDRL
Confirmatory test in syphilis
FTA-ABS
DOC in syphilis
Penicillin G
Drug reaction to Penicillin due to lysis of spirochetes
Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction
Bacterial etiology of Lyme disease
Borrelia burgdorferi
Largest medically-important bacteria
Borrelia burgdorferi
Transmission of Lyme disease
Ixodes scapularis (deer tick)
Stage 1 Lyme disease, clincal finding
Erythma chronicum migrans
Stage 2 Lyme disease, clinical finding
AV block, Bell’s palsy
Stage 3 Lyme disease
migratory polyarthritis
DOC in Lyme disease
Doxycycline
Etiology of Relapsing fever
Borrelia recurrentis
DOC in relapsing fever
Tetracycline
Microscopic finding is Shepherd’s crook (hook at one or both ends)
Leptospira interrogans
Gold standard in diagnosis of leptospirosis
Lepto MAT
2 Phases of leptospirosis
Acute leptospiremic phase, Immune leptospiruric phase
Clinical findings in acute leptospiremic phase
Calf tenderness, conjunctivl suffusion
Clinical fingings in immune leptospiruric phase
meningitis, GN, hepatic necrosis
Xray findings in leptospirosis
Snowflake lesion
DOC in leptospirosis
Penicillin G
Most severe form of leptospirosis
Weil syndrome
COD in Weil syndrome
Pulmonary hemorrhage
Infectious form of Chlamydia trachomatis
Elementary body (extracellular)
Reproductive form of Chlamydia trachomatis
Reticulate body (intracellular)
MCC of STD overall
Chlamydia trachomatis D-K
MCC infectious cause of blindness
Chlamydia trachomatis A-C (trachoma)
Microscopic finding in trachoma
Halberstadter-Prowazek inclusions
Cough in Chlamydial neonatal pneumonia
Staccato cough
Etiology of lymphogranuloma venereum
Chlamydia trachomatis L1-L3
(+) Frei test
Lymphogranuloma venereum
Bird fancier’s disease
Chlamydia psittaci (psittacosis)
DOC in chlamydia STD
Azithromycin
DOC in chlamydia conjunctivitis
Erythromycin
DOC in LGV
Doxycycline
DOC in psittacosis
Azithromycin
Rickettsial rash starting at wrist, spreads centripetal
Rocky mountain spotted fever
Rickettsial rash starting at trunk, spreads centrifugal
Typhus
Ricketssial disease with no rash, no vector, (-) Weil-Felix, not obligate intracellular
Q fever
Cat scratch fever in immunocompetent
Bartonella henselae
Etiology of Bacterial vaginosis
Gardnerella vaginalis
(+) whiff test, clue cells
Gardnerella vaginalis
Etiology of chancroid
Haemophilus ducreyi
Etiology of Donovanosis, beefy red ulcers
Klebsiella granulomatis