V - G( ) Rods

Question 1

Morphologic appearance of Bacillus anthracis

Answer 1

boxcar shape, Medussa head

Question 2

Peculiarity in Bacillus anthracis capsule

Answer 2

Only one not made of polysaccharide, instead poly-D-glutamate

Question 3

3 Virulence factors in Bacillus anthracis

Answer 3

Lethal factor, Edema factor, Protective factor

Question 4

2 Toxins in Bacillus anthracis

Answer 4

Edema toxin, Lethal toxin

Question 5

DOC in cutaneous anthrax

Answer 5

Ciprofloxacin

Question 6

DOC in GI/respiratory anthrax

Answer 6

Cirprofloxacin + 2 additional antibiotics

Question 7

COD in respiratory anthrax

Answer 7

Pulmonary hemorrhage

Question 8

Inhalational anthrax aka

Answer 8

Woolsorter’s disease

Question 9

Motile bacillus: anthracis or cereus?

Answer 9

Bacillus cereus

Question 10

2 types of Bacillus cereus enterotoxin

Answer 10

cholera-like enterotoxin (heat-labile, diarrheal form), staphylococcal-like enterotoxin (heat-stable, emetic form)

Question 11

Ophthalmitis from penetrating eye injury contaminated with soil, etiology most likely -

Answer 11

Bacillus cereus

Question 12

Morphologic appearance of tennis racket with terminal spore

Answer 12

Clostridium tetani

Question 13

Toxin of Clostridium tetani

Answer 13

Tetanospasmin

Question 14

Pathogenesis of Clostridium tetani

Answer 14

tetanospasmin cleaves proteins involved in release of glycine in Renshaw cells of spinal cord –> loss of inhibition

Question 15

DOC for tetanus

Answer 15

Metronidazole

Question 16

ATS given only during -

Answer 16

Contaminated wounds

Question 17

Common sources of Clostridium botulinum

Answer 17

Canned food, soil, honey

Question 18

Pathogenesis of Clostridium botulinum toxin

Answer 18

Prevents release of acetylcholine

Question 19

Triad of botulism

Answer 19

symmetric descending flaccid paralysis, absence of fvever, intact sensorium

Question 20

Floppy Baby Syndrome, etiologic bacteria

Answer 20

Clostridium botulinum

Question 21

DOC for botulism

Answer 21

Metronidazole

Question 22

Clostridium perfringens toxin, causing gas gangrene

Answer 22

Alpha toxin

Question 23

DOC for gas gangrene

Answer 23

Penicillin G

Question 24

Toxin of Clostridium defficile

Answer 24

Exotoxin A, B

Question 25

Overgrowth of C. defficile in gut causes -

Answer 25

Pseudomembranous colitis

Question 26

MCC of pseudomembranous colitis, drug

Answer 26

Clindamycin (also cephalosporins, ampicillin)

Question 27

DOC for Clostridium defficile

Answer 27

Metronidazole

Question 28

Morphologic appearance of chinese characters, club/comma-shaped

Answer 28

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

Question 29

Metachromatic granules of diphtheria

Answer 29

Babes-Ernst granules / volutin granules

Question 30

Diphtheria toxigenicity detected by

Answer 30

Modified Elek’s test

Question 31

Diphtheria toxin affects which protein, causing pseudomembrane formation

Answer 31

Elongation factor

Question 32

DOC for diphtheria

Answer 32

Penicillin G

Question 33

Motility pattern of Listeria

Answer 33

Tumbling

Question 34

Transmission of Listeria

Answer 34

Ingestion of unpasteurized milk, transplacentally

Question 35

Listeria infection in utero

Answer 35

Early-onset neonatal listeriosis (miscarriage) and late-onset neonatal listeriosis (meningitis)

Question 36

DOC for Listeria

Answer 36

Ampicillin