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Microbiology Flashcards > IX - Virology > Flashcards

IX - Virology Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

All enveloped viruses acquire envelope from plasma membrane except -

A

Herpesvirus (nuclear membrane)

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2
Q

All viruses are haploid except

A

Retrovirus

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3
Q

Negative-polarity RNA must be converted to positive-polarity RNA for transcription by this enzyme

A

RNA-dependent RNA polymerase

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4
Q

Segmented genone virus

A

BOAR - Bunya, Orthomyxo, Arena, Reo

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5
Q

Negative-polarity RNA (require polymerase)

A

Arena, Bunya, Paramyxo, Orhtomyxo, Filo, Rhabdo

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6
Q

Viral phase, single virus enters cell

A

Phase 0 - Entry

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7
Q

Viral phase, decrease in number of virus

A

Phase 1 - Decline

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8
Q

Viral phase, no virus detectable

A

Phase 2 - Eclipse

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9
Q

Viral phase, increase in virus

A

Phase 3 - Rise

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10
Q

Viral phase, steady number of virus, plateau

A

Phase 4 - Latent

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11
Q

Viral phase, cytopathic effects, cell death

A

Phase 5 - Cytopathic effect

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12
Q

Visual or functional effect of virus in cell

A

Cytopathic effect

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13
Q

Oncogenic effect of virus in cell

A

Malignant transformation

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14
Q

Cells are infected but appear normal, producing large numbers of virus

A

Commensal symbiosis

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15
Q

Bind to cytokine, virulence factor

A

Cytokine decoy

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16
Q

Reduce expression of APCs, virulence factor

A

Virokines

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17
Q

Gold standard in viral diagnosis

A

Replication of DNA or RNA thru DNA probe or PCR

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18
Q

Live-attenuated vaccines

A

MMR, Sabin’s polio, varicella, yellow fever, small pox

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19
Q

Killed vaccines

A

Rabies, Influenza, Salk Polio, Hep A

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20
Q

All DNA viruses are double stranded except

A

Parvovirus

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21
Q

All DNA viruses are icosahedral except

A

Pox virus

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22
Q

All DNA viruses replicate in the nucleus except

A

Pox virus

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23
Q

All DNA viruses have linear DNA except

A

Papilloma, Polyoma, Hepdna

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24
Q

Presents with slapped-cheek apperacne, fever, coryza

A

Erythema infectosum / Fifth Disease (Parvo B19)

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25
Q

Transmission of ParvoB19

A

Transplacental (fetal hydrops/death), Respiratory

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26
Q

Causes aplastic crisis in pts with sickle cell anemia, thalasemia, spherocytosis

A

Parvovirus

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27
Q

Only virus with a fiber (penton)

A

Adenovirus

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28
Q

Spectrum of diease may be conjunctivitis, pharyngitis, atypical pneumonia, hemorrhagic cystitis

A

Adenovirus

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29
Q

Cowdry B bodies

A

Adenovirus, Poliovirus

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30
Q

Koilocytes / cytoplasmic inclusion, fried egg apperance in

A

HPV

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31
Q

Etiology of veruca vulgaris

A

HPV 1-4

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32
Q

Etiology of condyloma acuminata (anogenital warts)

A

HPV 6, 11

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33
Q

Most common viral STD

A

HPV 6, 11

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34
Q

Carcinogenic HPV strains

A

HPV 16, 18, 31, 33 courtesy of gene E6, E7

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35
Q

Vaccine, HPV 6, 11, 16, 18

A

Gardacil (Quadrivalent)

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36
Q

Vaccine, HPV 16, 18

A

Cervarix (Bivalent)

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37
Q

Etiology, Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy

A

JC Polyoma

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38
Q

Etiology, hemorrhagic cystitis, nephropathy in immunocompromised

A

BK Polyoma

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39
Q

Stomatitis, herpes labialis, karatoconjunctivitis

A

HSV-1

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40
Q

Genital herpes, aseptic meningitis, neonatal herpes

A

HSV-2

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41
Q

Latency site in HSV-1

A

Trigeminal ganglia

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42
Q

Latency site in HSV-2

A

Lumbosacral ganglia

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43
Q

DOC in HSV

A

Acyclovir

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44
Q

Cowdry A bodies on Tzanck smear

A

HSV (intranuclear)

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45
Q

Mulinucleated giant cells, intranuclear

A

VZV

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46
Q

Centrifugal rash at different stages, dewdrop on a rose petal

A

Varicella

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47
Q

VZV reactivation, postherpetic neuralgia

A

Herpes zoster

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48
Q

VZV involving geniculate ganglion

A

Ramsay Hunt Syndrome

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49
Q

DOC in VZV

A

Acyclovir, when severe

50
Q

Giant cells with owl’s eye intranuclear inclusions

A

CMV

51
Q

Most common cause of congenital abnormalities

A

CMV

52
Q

Heterophil-negative mononucleosis

A

CMV

53
Q

MCC of blindness in HIV pts

A

CMV (systemic mononucleosis)

54
Q

DOC in CMV

A

Gancyclovir (Forscarnet for CMV retinitis)

55
Q

Kissing disease, heterophil-positive mononucleosis, Downy cells, splenomegaly

A

EBV

56
Q

Malignant transormation in EBV

A

Nasopharyngeal CA, Burkitt lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin lymphomas

57
Q

Malignancy of vascular endothelium, AIDS-defining illness

A

Kaposi Sarcoma (HHV-8)

58
Q

Largest virus, Guarnieri bodies, intracytoplasmic

A

Variola

59
Q

Henderson-Peterson bodies

A

Molluscum contagiosum

60
Q

DOC for molluscum contagiosum

A

Cifodovir

61
Q

First vaccine to prevent human cancer was for which virus

A

Hepa B

62
Q

DOC for Hep B

A

Interferon A, Lamivudine

63
Q

Autoimmune vasculitides in Hepa B

A

Polyarteritis nodosa

64
Q

All RNA are single stranded except

A

Reo, Rota

65
Q

All RNAs replicate in cytoplasm except

A

Retrovirus and Influenza

66
Q

Most common clinical form of polio

A

Abortive poliomyelitis

67
Q

Polio vaccine, prevents GI replication, transmission

A

Sabin (Live)

68
Q

Vesicular sorethorat/herpangina

A

Coxsackie

69
Q

Hand-foot-and-mouth disease, vesicles on hands and feet

A

Coxsackie

70
Q

MCC of viral myocarditis

A

Coxsackie

71
Q

MCC of aseptic meningitis

A

Coxsackie

72
Q

Enteric cytopathic human orphan

A

Echovirus

73
Q

Common cold, acid-labile, does not cause enteritis

A

Rhinovirus

74
Q

Self-limited hepatitis

A

Hepa A aka Enterovirus 72

75
Q

MCC of nonbacterial diarrhea in adults

A

Norwalk/Norovirus

76
Q

MCC of childhood diarrhea

A

Rotavirus

77
Q

Influenza that causes pandemics

A

Influenza A via shifts

78
Q

Influenza that causes epidemics

A

Influenza B via drifts

79
Q

Influenza spike that binds to receptor

A

Hemagglutinin

80
Q

Influenza spike that cleaves nuraminic acid

A

Neuraminidase

81
Q

Influenza spikes present in humans

A

H 1,2,3 N 1,2

82
Q

DOC in influenza

A

Oseltamivir

83
Q

Warthin-Finkeldy bodies (multinucleated giant cells)

A

Measles

84
Q

Koplik spots

A

Measles

85
Q

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis / Damson disease

A

Measles

86
Q

Parotitis, orchitis, meningitis

A

Mumps

87
Q

Surface spikes are fusion proteins only

A

RSV

88
Q

Most IMPORTANT cause of pneumonia and bronchiolitis in infants

A

RSV

89
Q

DOC for RSV

A

Ribavirin

90
Q

Laryngotracheobroncitis (Croup)

A

Parainfulenza 1,2

91
Q

Steeple sign

A

Parainfulenza 1,2

92
Q

Animal bite, axonal CNS transport, hypersalivation, laryngospasm, hydrophobia, encephalitis

A

Rabies

93
Q

Negri bodies, bullet-shaped

A

Rabies

94
Q

Only vaccine routinely used post-exposure is for

A

Rabies

95
Q

SARS, non-cavitary ground glass infiltrates

A

Corona

96
Q

Influenza-like, breakbone fever, maculopapular rash

A

Dengue

97
Q

Most prevalent blood-borne pathogen

A

Hep C

98
Q

Chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, CA

A

Hep C

99
Q

Main cause of essential mixed cryoglobulinemia

A

Hep C

100
Q

MC indcation for liver transplant

A

Hep C

101
Q

German measles, postauricular LAD, polyarthritis

A

Rubella

102
Q

Sensorineural deafness, congenital ataracts, PDA, mental retardation, blueberry baby

A

Rubella

103
Q

Diploid virus

A

HIV

104
Q

HIV, transmembrane protein

A

p41

105
Q

HIV, surface protein

A

p120

106
Q

HIV, nucleoprotein

A

p7

107
Q

HIV, major capsid protein

A

p24

108
Q

HIV, outer matrix protein

A

p17

109
Q

HIV, p24, p7, p17 gene

A

gag

110
Q

HIV, p41, p120 gene

A

env

111
Q

HIV, reverse transciptase, protease, integrase gene

A

pol

112
Q

HIV protein, rapidly changing antigenic variants

A

p120

113
Q

Most common complication of HIV

A

AIDS (CD4 <200)

114
Q

Most common AIDS-defining disease

A

PCP

115
Q

1 killer in AIDS

A

pTB

116
Q

1 cause of blindness in AIDS

A

CMV

117
Q

1 cause of meningitis in HIV

A

Cryptococcus neoformans

118
Q

1 cause of chronic diarrhea in AIDS

A

C. parvum

119
Q

Definitive diagnosis of AIDS

A

Western blot

120
Q

HIV prognostication

A

HIV RNA

121
Q

Retrovirus causing adult T-cell leukemia

A

HTLV

122
Q

MCC of epidemic encephalitis, thalamic infarcts

A

Japanese B virus

Microbiology Flashcards (11 decks)

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