IX - Virology Flashcards
All enveloped viruses acquire envelope from plasma membrane except -
Herpesvirus (nuclear membrane)
All viruses are haploid except
Retrovirus
Negative-polarity RNA must be converted to positive-polarity RNA for transcription by this enzyme
RNA-dependent RNA polymerase
Segmented genone virus
BOAR - Bunya, Orthomyxo, Arena, Reo
Negative-polarity RNA (require polymerase)
Arena, Bunya, Paramyxo, Orhtomyxo, Filo, Rhabdo
Viral phase, single virus enters cell
Phase 0 - Entry
Viral phase, decrease in number of virus
Phase 1 - Decline
Viral phase, no virus detectable
Phase 2 - Eclipse
Viral phase, increase in virus
Phase 3 - Rise
Viral phase, steady number of virus, plateau
Phase 4 - Latent
Viral phase, cytopathic effects, cell death
Phase 5 - Cytopathic effect
Visual or functional effect of virus in cell
Cytopathic effect
Oncogenic effect of virus in cell
Malignant transformation
Cells are infected but appear normal, producing large numbers of virus
Commensal symbiosis
Bind to cytokine, virulence factor
Cytokine decoy
Reduce expression of APCs, virulence factor
Virokines
Gold standard in viral diagnosis
Replication of DNA or RNA thru DNA probe or PCR
Live-attenuated vaccines
MMR, Sabin’s polio, varicella, yellow fever, small pox
Killed vaccines
Rabies, Influenza, Salk Polio, Hep A
All DNA viruses are double stranded except
Parvovirus
All DNA viruses are icosahedral except
Pox virus
All DNA viruses replicate in the nucleus except
Pox virus
All DNA viruses have linear DNA except
Papilloma, Polyoma, Hepdna
Presents with slapped-cheek apperacne, fever, coryza
Erythema infectosum / Fifth Disease (Parvo B19)
Transmission of ParvoB19
Transplacental (fetal hydrops/death), Respiratory
Causes aplastic crisis in pts with sickle cell anemia, thalasemia, spherocytosis
Parvovirus
Only virus with a fiber (penton)
Adenovirus
Spectrum of diease may be conjunctivitis, pharyngitis, atypical pneumonia, hemorrhagic cystitis
Adenovirus
Cowdry B bodies
Adenovirus, Poliovirus
Koilocytes / cytoplasmic inclusion, fried egg apperance in
HPV
Etiology of veruca vulgaris
HPV 1-4
Etiology of condyloma acuminata (anogenital warts)
HPV 6, 11
Most common viral STD
HPV 6, 11
Carcinogenic HPV strains
HPV 16, 18, 31, 33 courtesy of gene E6, E7
Vaccine, HPV 6, 11, 16, 18
Gardacil (Quadrivalent)
Vaccine, HPV 16, 18
Cervarix (Bivalent)
Etiology, Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy
JC Polyoma
Etiology, hemorrhagic cystitis, nephropathy in immunocompromised
BK Polyoma
Stomatitis, herpes labialis, karatoconjunctivitis
HSV-1
Genital herpes, aseptic meningitis, neonatal herpes
HSV-2
Latency site in HSV-1
Trigeminal ganglia
Latency site in HSV-2
Lumbosacral ganglia
DOC in HSV
Acyclovir
Cowdry A bodies on Tzanck smear
HSV (intranuclear)
Mulinucleated giant cells, intranuclear
VZV
Centrifugal rash at different stages, dewdrop on a rose petal
Varicella
VZV reactivation, postherpetic neuralgia
Herpes zoster
VZV involving geniculate ganglion
Ramsay Hunt Syndrome