VII Flashcards
sympathetic opthalmia
spared eye injury
immune mediated inflammation of one eye after penetrating injury to other eye
manifests as anterior uveitis- can progress to papillary edema and blindness
mechanism– hidden antigens that are “uncovered”
cause of compresstion fracture
osteoporosis
loss of bone mineral density
tinea versicolor
malasseiza globosa hypopigmented and hyperpigmented lesions fine scale and pruritis KOH show hyphae and yeast cells buzz= spaghetti and meatballs pattern
Tx for tinea versicolor
topical ketoconazole, terbinafine or selenium sulfide
presentation and lab values of VIPoma
watery diarrhea, flushing, lethargy, n/v, hypokalemia, hyperCa, hyperglycemia
where are VIPomas usually found
pancreatic tail
localized with abdominal CT or MRI
Tx for VIPoma
IV volume repletion, ocreotide, and hepatic resection if mets to liver
if patient has positive urine bilirubin then is buildup conj or unconj
conj
+ bilirubin in UA
normal ALT AST and AlkPhos
rotors syndrome
defect in hepatic secretion of conjugate bilirubin into the biliary sytem
labs of nonseminomatous germ cell tumor
increased bhcg and increased AFP
labs of seminomatous germ cell tumor
increased b-hcg but not increased AFP
Tx for meningitis in immunocompromised patients
Vanco, ampicillin plus cefepine or ceftazidime
Tx goodpastures
emergency plasmaphoresis
Tx wegeners
cyclophosphamide and steroids
what can cause nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
peripheral insulin resistance that leads to increased peripheral lipolysis, triglyceride synthesis and hepatic uptake of fatty acids
CBC in crohns
anemia and reactive thrombocytosis
signs of toxic shock syndrome
fever, myalgias, marked hypotension and diffuse erythematous macular rash
most common source of DVT
proximal deep leg veins
symptoms of intracranial HTN, pseudotumor cerebri
holocranial HA, vision changes, pulsatile tinnitus “whooshing sound to ears”
progression of malignant otitis externa
osteomyelitis of the skull base and destruction facial nerve
pathogen that causes post viral URI necrotizing pulmonary bronchopneumonia with multiple nodular infiltrates that can cavitate to cause small abscesses
staph aureus
primary polydipsia occurs with what otehr condition
schizophrenia
Tx of hep B
interferon
lamivudine
entecavir
tenofovir
hep C Tx
pegylated interferon + ribavirin
those with menieres disease should avoid what food
salt, alcohol, caffeine and nicotine because all can increase endolymphatic retention
symptoms of menieres
vertigo, ear fullness, tinnitus, hearing loss
initial drug of choice for hypercalcemia of malignancy
bisphosphonates: zoledronic acid, pamidronate
CV effects of thyrotoxicosis
tachy cardia, systolic HTN, widened pulse P
afib/flutter and atrial and ventricular ectophy
what causes the systolic HTN in thyrotoxicosis
increased myocardial contractility and HR
what pathogens cause pulmonary cavitation in HIV patient
m tb, atypical mycobacteria, nocardia, gram neg rods and anaerobes
Tx choice for nocardia
TMP SMX
acid fast, filamentous branching rods
nocardia
pathophys of ARDS
impaired gas exchange
decreased lung compliance
pulmonary HTN
all caused by leakage of bloody and proteinaceous fluid into the alveoli
when do you use physostigmine
reverse life threatening anticholinergic agents
pulsus paradoxus
aortic dissection
labs of TTP
hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia, schistocytes on peripheral smear
altered mental status, renal failure and fever
Dx of TTP
based on ADAMTS13 activity
all patients with presumed ITP should be screened for what
HIV and Hep C
ITP labs
isolated thrombocytopenia without anemia or leukopenia
Schilling test
determine B12 deficiency due to pernicious anemia or malabsoprtive
drug used for diabetic gastroparesis
metoclopramide,
empiric Ab therapy for acute prostatitis
TMP SMX or fluoroquinolone
which side is more likely to have varicocele
Left because the left gonadal vein enters left renal vein at a right angle
get compression between SMA and aorta
if patient has right sided varicocele what should you look for
IVC compression (renal cell carcinoma) or obstruction in IVC causing compression of the R gonadal vein and backup
bupropion
most common used for smoking cessation
conservative management for kidney stone
hydration, analgesics and alpha blockers
cause of senile purpura aka bruising of old people
perivascular CT atrophy
skin lesions of blastomycosis
heaped up cerrucous or nodular lesions with violaceous hue that may evolve into microabscesses
Achalasia vs stricture
achalasia presents with dysphagia for solids and liquids! heartburn, regurg and weight loss
will have dilated esophagus and distal narrowing in achalasia
before starting Tx for achalasia what should you do
endoscopy to exclude esophageal malignancy
