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shelf IM > III > Flashcards

III Flashcards

1
Q

signs diabetes inspidus

A

polyuria, polydipsia, hypernatremia, low urine osmolality and high serum osmolality

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2
Q

acute pancreatitis essential imaging

A

US for gallstones because commonly cause acute pancreatitis

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3
Q

electrolyte imbalance with succinylcholine

A

cause increased potassium leading to arrhythmias

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4
Q

what causes metabolic acidosis after a grand mal sezure

A

lactic acidosis that will resolve

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5
Q

What do you give someone post MI to prevent ventricular remodeling

A

ACEI

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6
Q

what type of cancers can give multiple mets to brain

A

lung cancer and malignant melanoma

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7
Q

which cancers give solitary brain mets

A

breast
colon
renal cell

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8
Q

signs of diabetic retinopathy

A

microaneurysms, hemorrhage, exudates, retinal edema
cotton wool spots
newly formed vessels

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9
Q

Tx for diabetic retinopathy

A

argon laser photocoagulation

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10
Q

porphyria cutanea tarda

A

fragile skin, photosensitivity, vesicles and erosions on dorsum of hands

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11
Q

what hepattis is correlated with porphyria cutanea tarda

A

hep C

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12
Q

presentation of mixed cryoglobulinemia

A

palpable purpura, arthralgias, renal complications like membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis

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13
Q

erythema nodosum

A

streptococcal or TB
sarcoid
or idiopathic

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14
Q

polyarteritis nodosa

A

Hep B

necrotizing vasculitis in small and medium vessels

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15
Q

primary effect of nitroglycerin in angina is

A

dilation of capcitance (veins)

decreasing preload

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16
Q

what causes heart failure in systemic sclerosis

A

pulmonary arterial HTN

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17
Q

antimitochondrial Ab

A

Primary biliary cirrhosis

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18
Q

ANCA

A

wegeners

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19
Q

anti smooth muscle Ab

A

autoimmune hepatitis

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20
Q

sore throat, muffled voice with a deviated uvula

A

peritonsillar abscess

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21
Q

progressive scotoma

A

macular degeneration

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22
Q

vaccines for post spleectomy

A

meningococcal, PCV13, Hib in 2 weeks post surgery

23
Q

bite cells and heinze bodies

A

G6PD deficiency

24
Q

started thiazide for HTN and get hypokalemia shortly after

A

hyperaldosteronism
will also have hypernatremia
check early morning aldosterone and plasma renin activity

25
Q

ehrlichiosis

A

flu like
neurologic (confusion)
rash uncommon
leukocytopenia and thrombytopenia

26
Q

Tx erlichiosis

A

doxy

27
Q

cafe au lait, axillary freckling and has decreased visual acuity, what is the syndrome and what is causing visual acuity decrease

A

Neurofibromatosis I

optic glioma

28
Q

Bakers cyst is what

A

inflammed synovium in popliteal fossa

29
Q

most common site of hypertensice hemorrhage

A

putamen

internal capsule right next door

30
Q

clinical presentation interstitial cystitis

A

bladder pain with filling, relief with voiding
increased urgency and frequency
dyspareunia

31
Q

common tumors in sella turcica

A

pituitary adenoma
craniopharyngioma
meningioma

32
Q

shy drager syndrome

A

multiple system atrophy
parkinsonism
autonomic dysfunction like orthostatic hypotension
widespread neurological signs

33
Q

lupus nephritis next step

A

renal biopsy because different types need different treatment

34
Q

diarrhea in HIB

A

salmonella,c ampylobacter, entamoeva, chlamydia, shigella and giardia
CMV cryptosporidium, isopora belli, blastocystis, MAC

35
Q

CMV colitis

A

bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain and CD4

36
Q

management of exertional heat strok

A

ice water immersion
fluid resuscitation
electrolyte correction

37
Q

IV for infective endocarditis

A

vanco

38
Q

what causes thrombocytpoenia in SLE

A

immune mediated destruction

39
Q

what causes leukopenia in SLE

A

autoimmune mediated

medications, hypersplenism or bone marrow dysfunction also likely

40
Q

Tx cat scratch fever

A

bartonella

give azithromycin

41
Q

what medication can cause crystal induced acute kidney injury

A

IV acyclovir

42
Q

pain management in cancer patients

A

don’t be afraid to use narcotics

43
Q

Tx malignant otitis externa

A

IV cipro

44
Q

salvage therapy

A

Tx disease when standard therapy fails

45
Q

target INR for idiopathic VTE or atrial fib

A

2-3

46
Q

poor prognostic factor for CLL

A

thrombocytopenia

47
Q

heinz bodies

A

G6PD deficiency

48
Q

AA amyloidosis is associated with what conditions

A

rheumatoid, IBD, osteomyelitis, TB

49
Q

AL amyloidosis is associated with what conditions

A

MM

waldenstrom macroglobulinemia

50
Q

what makes up the AA amyloid

A

beta 2 microglobuline or apolipoprotein or transthyretin

51
Q

what makes up amyloid in AL amyloid

A

light chains, like lambda

52
Q

causes of nephrotic syndrome

A

membranous glomerulopathy, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, minimal change disease, amyloidosis

53
Q

stain for amyloidosis

A

birefringence green under polarized light

shelf IM (12 decks)

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