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I Flashcards

1
Q

Rx that can decrease hyperkalemia by causing intracellular shift

A

insulin, glucose, Na-bicarb, and albuterol

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2
Q

type of urinary crystals seen in ethylene alcohol poisoning

A

rectangular envelope shaped

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3
Q

lumbar puncture showing predominance of lymphocytes

normal opening pressure and normal glucose

A

herpes encephalitis

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4
Q

suicide by drinking highly alkaline solution. what to do

A

secure airway
decontamination
CXR if respiratory Sx
endoscope in first 24 hrs to address severity of damage and need for more aggressive Tx

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5
Q

HIV screening test

A

p24 Ag and Ab

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6
Q

+ coombs test

A

autoimmune hemolytic anemia

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7
Q

electrical alterans, varying QRS complexes

A

pericardial effusion. needs centesis

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8
Q

screening for diabetic nephropathy

A

microalbumin/creatinine ratio

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9
Q

murmur with aortic dissection

A

aortic regurg– early diastolic murmur

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10
Q

lab key to heparin induce thrombocytopenia

A

platelets drop below 50% of what they were prior

risk now for arterial thrombosis

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11
Q

prophylaxis for HIV CD4 count

A

azithromycin for MAC prevention

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12
Q

riluzole

A

glutamate inhibitor used in ALS

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13
Q

Acute Tubular necrosis findings

A

muddy brown casts of renal epithelial cells
urine osmol 300-350
urine Na >20
FeNa >2%

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14
Q

preferred respiratory support for Acute exacerbation COPD

A

noninvasive positive pressure ventilation

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15
Q

risk of the main antipsychotic medications

A

can develop extreme hypothermia

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16
Q

showing of cutaneous larva migrans

A

ancylostoma braziliense- hookworm

serpinginous reddish brown lesions on skin in lower and upper extremities

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17
Q

findings in adrenal insufficiency or addisons

A

mineralocorticoid deficiency
increased vasopressin secretion
hyperkalemia
hyponatremia

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18
Q

risks for idiopathic intracranial hypertension

A

overweight women childbearing age

possible like to medications: tetracyclines and hypervitaminosis A

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19
Q

Systemic Sclerosis findings

A

esophageal dysmotility, fibrotic lung disease, arthralgias

thickening or hardening, edema and pruritis

20
Q

diabetic pyelonephritis

A

parenteral antibiotics after 48-72 hours

TMP-SMX

21
Q

most common secondary solid tumor malignancies

A

lung, breast, thyroid, bone and GI

22
Q

presentation vitreous hemorrhage

A

sudden loss of vision and onset floaters
common cause is diabetic retinopathy
fundus is hard to visualize

23
Q

Primary biliary cirrhosis marker

A

anti mitochondrial Ab
will have inc alk phos
inc IgM and inc Cholesterol

24
Q

pericardial knock

A

early heart sound after S2

25
Q

pericardial calcifications
JVP
kussmaul sign
sharp x and y descents

A

pericarditis

26
Q

cause of constrictive pericarditis in Africa India and China

A

TB

27
Q

difference of eythlyene glycol and methanol poisioning

A

ethylene glycol damages kidneys

methanol damages eyes

28
Q

findings sarcoidossi

A

erythema nodosum, anterior uveitis, acute polyarthritis, paratracheal adenopaty and reticulonodular infiltrates on CXR
noncaseating granulomasACE increased

29
Q

Tx symptomatic sarcoidosis

A

glucocorticoids

30
Q

another name for vasovagal syncope

A

neurocardiogenic

31
Q

how to decrease CCB pedal edema with adjunct Rx

A

add ACEI

32
Q

acanthosis nigricans

A

insulin R

GI malignancy

33
Q

lung infection after bone marrow transplant

A

45 days ~ CMV

34
Q

TSH and LH levels in prolactinoma

A

low LH normal TSH

35
Q

what cause inc homocysteine

A

deficiency in folate or cobalamin

36
Q

inc blood in urine after tonic clonic seizure

A

rhabdomyolysis

37
Q

reaction with niacin

A

PG release cause peripheral vasodilation and pruritis– give low dose aspirin

38
Q

polycythemia vera can cause what other condition

A

gout

39
Q

pulmonary physical findings for pleural effusion

A

decreased tactile fremitus, dullness to percussion, decreased breath sounds

40
Q

findings in carcinoid syndrome

A

skin: flushing, telangiectasias, cyanosis, diarrhea, cramping, valvular lesions, bronchospasms, niacin deficiency (dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia)

41
Q

presentation of post strep glomerulonephritis

A

periorbital swelling, hematuria, oliguria
hypertension, RBC casts
mild proteinuria

42
Q

signs thalamic hemorrhage

A

eye deviates towards hemiparesis

43
Q

signs basal ganglia hemorrhage

A

contralateral hemiparesis and hemisensory loss
homonymous hemianopsia
gaze palsy

44
Q

sign of stroke in anterior cerebral a

A

incontinence

contralateral somatosensory and motor in lower extremity

45
Q

Tx acute pancreatisis

A

conservative, 4-7 days with analgesics, IV fluids and no oral food

shelf IM (12 decks)

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