IV Flashcards
most common Sx mitral regurg
exertional dyspnea and fatigue
lab values of alcoholic hepatitis
AST>x2 ALT
inc GGT and ferritin
CHADSVASC score
CHF-1 HTN-1 Age>75-2 DM-1 Stroke/TIA/thromboembolism-2 Vascular disease-1 Age 65-74 -1 sex (female) - 1
> 2 start anticoagulation
What will worsen graves eye disease temporarily upon Tx for graves
radioactive iodine
what type of brain damage occurs from prolonged seizures
cortical laminar necrosis
common cause primary adrenal insufficiency in developing countries
TB
steps for esophageal CA
barium swallow then endoscopy
signs CO poisoning
polycythemia, nausea, dizziness, HA
chondrocalcinosis
calcified articular cartilage
Tx wernicke encephalopathy
thiamine with glucose
causes of hypovolemic hyponatremia
volume depletion
primary adrenal insufficiency
GI losses
renal losses
causes of euvolemic hyponatremia
SIADH
primary psychogenic polydipsia
secondary adrenal insufficiency
hypothyroidism
causes of hypervolemic hyponatremia
CHF
cirrhosis
chronic kidney disease or nephrotic syndrome
best indicator of dementia
impaired daily functinoing
cardiac index
is cardiac output
characteristics of CHF from Left ventricular systolic dysfunction
increased systemic vascular R
increase in LVEDV
decrease in CO
which antidiabetic medication will reduce weight and control blood sugar
GLP-1 agonists
causes of macrocytic anemia
folate or B12 def myelodysplastic syndrome aML drug induced liver disease alcohol abuse hypothyroidism
other organs affected in ankylosing spondylitis
get anterior uveitis
bilateral sacroiliitis
MM labs
normocytic anemia, hypercalcemia, renal failure
elevated total protein with normal albumin
abnormal LFTs
palpable purpura, proteinuria, hematuria
with arthralgias, HSM and hypocomplementemia
mixed cryoglobulinemia
underlying process with mixed cryoglobulinemia
Hep C
Dx for pancreatic carcinoma
abdominal CT
positive preditive value
TP/ TP+ FP
negative predictive value
TN/ TN+ FN
which colonic polyp is most likely to transofrm into malignant
villous adenoma
metoclopramide uses
dopamine antagonist to Tx nausea, vomiting, gastroparesis
side effects metoclopramide
agitation, loose stools, tardive dyskinesia, dystonic reactions and parkinsonism
Sx giant cell arteritis
headache, jaw claudication, muscle fatigue and visual disturbance
well known complication giant cell arteritis
aortic aneurysm
Dx image for acoustic neuroma
MRI with gadolinium
young person with acoustic neuroma and cafe au lait spots
NF II
ESR
muscle weakness especially on rising from a chair
history temporal arteritis
glucocorticoid drug induced myopathy
Tx for acute MI with pulmonary edema
furosemide
what causes charcot joint
nerve damage from repeated joint trauma
common causes acute liver failure
acetominophen
viral hepatitis
most important risk factor with strokes
HTN
majority of PE clots originate where
iliodemoral
what is abnormal LP opening P
> 250 mm H2O
most common URI bacterial penumonia organisms in elderly
strep pneumo
staph aureus
H influenza
Hep B treatment
tenofovir- most
entecavir– decompensated cirrhosis
lamivudine– diminished d/t higher drug R
interferon– younger patients with compensated liver disease
Menieres disease
distention of endolymphatic compartment in innter ear
have vertifo with tinitus and nausea vomiting
nystagmus sometimes present
salt- restriction diet neede
treatment for malignant hypercalcemia
bisphosphonates like zoledronic acid therapy
thyrotoxicosis symptoms
weight loss, tachycardia, tremor and lid retraction
cardiac result thyrotoxicosis
increased T3 causes increased contractility of cardiac myocytes
gram +
weakly acid fast
filamentous rods
cavity formation or abscess
nocardia
End result of ARDS
impaired gas exchange, decreased lung comlliance and increased pulmonary arterial P
signs of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
altered mental status, low grade fever, thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia and renal failure
ADAMTS13
TTP
common causes thrombocytopenia
viral infections (EBV, HIV, Hep C) chemo myelodysplasia alcohol abuse congenital folate or B12 def
