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IV Flashcards

1
Q

most common Sx mitral regurg

A

exertional dyspnea and fatigue

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2
Q

lab values of alcoholic hepatitis

A

AST>x2 ALT

inc GGT and ferritin

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3
Q

CHADSVASC score

A 
CHF-1
HTN-1
Age>75-2
DM-1
Stroke/TIA/thromboembolism-2
Vascular disease-1
Age 65-74  -1
sex (female) - 1

> 2 start anticoagulation

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4
Q

What will worsen graves eye disease temporarily upon Tx for graves

A

radioactive iodine

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5
Q

what type of brain damage occurs from prolonged seizures

A

cortical laminar necrosis

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6
Q

common cause primary adrenal insufficiency in developing countries

A

TB

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7
Q

steps for esophageal CA

A

barium swallow then endoscopy

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8
Q

signs CO poisoning

A

polycythemia, nausea, dizziness, HA

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9
Q

chondrocalcinosis

A

calcified articular cartilage

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10
Q

Tx wernicke encephalopathy

A

thiamine with glucose

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11
Q

causes of hypovolemic hyponatremia

A

volume depletion
primary adrenal insufficiency
GI losses
renal losses

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12
Q

causes of euvolemic hyponatremia

A

SIADH
primary psychogenic polydipsia
secondary adrenal insufficiency
hypothyroidism

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13
Q

causes of hypervolemic hyponatremia

A

CHF
cirrhosis
chronic kidney disease or nephrotic syndrome

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14
Q

best indicator of dementia

A

impaired daily functinoing

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15
Q

cardiac index

A

is cardiac output

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16
Q

characteristics of CHF from Left ventricular systolic dysfunction

A

increased systemic vascular R
increase in LVEDV
decrease in CO

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17
Q

which antidiabetic medication will reduce weight and control blood sugar

A

GLP-1 agonists

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18
Q

causes of macrocytic anemia

A 
folate or B12 def
myelodysplastic syndrome
aML
drug induced
liver disease
alcohol abuse
hypothyroidism
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19
Q

other organs affected in ankylosing spondylitis

A

get anterior uveitis

bilateral sacroiliitis

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20
Q

MM labs

A

normocytic anemia, hypercalcemia, renal failure
elevated total protein with normal albumin
abnormal LFTs

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21
Q

palpable purpura, proteinuria, hematuria

with arthralgias, HSM and hypocomplementemia

A

mixed cryoglobulinemia

22
Q

underlying process with mixed cryoglobulinemia

A

Hep C

23
Q

Dx for pancreatic carcinoma

A

abdominal CT

24
Q

positive preditive value

A

TP/ TP+ FP

25
Q

negative predictive value

A

TN/ TN+ FN

26
Q

which colonic polyp is most likely to transofrm into malignant

A

villous adenoma

27
Q

metoclopramide uses

A

dopamine antagonist to Tx nausea, vomiting, gastroparesis

28
Q

side effects metoclopramide

A

agitation, loose stools, tardive dyskinesia, dystonic reactions and parkinsonism

29
Q

Sx giant cell arteritis

A

headache, jaw claudication, muscle fatigue and visual disturbance

30
Q

well known complication giant cell arteritis

A

aortic aneurysm

31
Q

Dx image for acoustic neuroma

A

MRI with gadolinium

32
Q

young person with acoustic neuroma and cafe au lait spots

A

NF II

33
Q

ESR
muscle weakness especially on rising from a chair
history temporal arteritis

A

glucocorticoid drug induced myopathy

34
Q

Tx for acute MI with pulmonary edema

A

furosemide

35
Q

what causes charcot joint

A

nerve damage from repeated joint trauma

36
Q

common causes acute liver failure

A

acetominophen

viral hepatitis

37
Q

most important risk factor with strokes

A

HTN

38
Q

majority of PE clots originate where

A

iliodemoral

39
Q

what is abnormal LP opening P

A

> 250 mm H2O

40
Q

most common URI bacterial penumonia organisms in elderly

A

strep pneumo
staph aureus
H influenza

41
Q

Hep B treatment

A

tenofovir- most
entecavir– decompensated cirrhosis
lamivudine– diminished d/t higher drug R
interferon– younger patients with compensated liver disease

42
Q

Menieres disease

A

distention of endolymphatic compartment in innter ear
have vertifo with tinitus and nausea vomiting
nystagmus sometimes present
salt- restriction diet neede

43
Q

treatment for malignant hypercalcemia

A

bisphosphonates like zoledronic acid therapy

44
Q

thyrotoxicosis symptoms

A

weight loss, tachycardia, tremor and lid retraction

45
Q

cardiac result thyrotoxicosis

A

increased T3 causes increased contractility of cardiac myocytes

46
Q

gram +
weakly acid fast
filamentous rods
cavity formation or abscess

A

nocardia

47
Q

End result of ARDS

A

impaired gas exchange, decreased lung comlliance and increased pulmonary arterial P

48
Q

signs of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura

A

altered mental status, low grade fever, thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia and renal failure

49
Q

ADAMTS13

A

TTP

50
Q

common causes thrombocytopenia

A 
viral infections (EBV, HIV, Hep C)
chemo
myelodysplasia
alcohol abuse
congenital
folate or B12 def

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