Victimology

Question 1

Carbine

Answer 1

Hierarchy of crime: Victimisation is a social construction. Society decides certain groups/individuals are more deserving of the “victim” label

Question 2

Wolfgange

Answer 2

Studied 588 homicides in Philadelphia and determined that 26% involved victim precipitation, meaning that the victim triggered the murder through their own actions, such as resorting to violence first. This was often the case where the victim was male and the perpetrator female

Question 3

Tombs and Whyte

Answer 3

Safety violation crimes are often explained away as the workers being “accident prone”, similar to rape victims. This denies the victim official victim status and blames them for their fate. They note the ideological function of this failure to label, as it hides the crimes of the powerful. This means that in the hierarchy of victimisation the powerless are most likely to be victimised but least likely to have this acknowledged by the state

Question 4

Mawby and Walklate

Answer 4

Victimisation is a form of structural powerlessness

Question 5

How are ethnic minorities victimised?

Answer 5

They are victims of a racist system - McPherson report

Location: Live in poorer areas with high crime rates

Unemployed: More likely to be targeted due to different routine - link to Positivist victimology

Critical victimology (structural racism): Hate crimes

Question 6

What is the critical race theory?

Answer 6

There is inbuilt racism within society