Vibrio spp.

Question 1

Vibrio species

Answer 1

V. cholerae
V. parahaemolyticus
V. vulnificus
V. alginolyticus

Question 2

Which Vibrio species is most severe?

Answer 2

V. cholerae

Question 3

What was the difference between the “new” O139 El Tor strain and the original O1 El Tor strain? Why did they lead to enhanced disease?

Answer 3

O139 had a new LPS serotype and was encapsulated. These made it more difficult to become engulfed

Question 4

Virulence factors of Vibrio cholerae

Answer 4

Flagella
Pili
Cholera toxin

Question 5

Importance of Flagella

Answer 5

Aids in motility

Question 6

Importance of Pili and what causes the expression?

Answer 6

Pili help adhere to mucosal tissue

Expressed by the shift from saltwater to reduced ion levels found in the body

Question 7

What causes the expression of Cholera toxin

Answer 7

Expressed by the shift from saltwater to reduced ion levels found in the body

Question 8

How does the Cholera toxin cause diarrhea?

Answer 8

It causes a transfer of ADP from NAD to activate Gs. This increases cAMP, causing Na to come into the cell, and Cl and water to leave the cell.