Dr. Leys Study Guide

Question 1

DNA that enters a bacterial cell can be…

Answer 1

• Degraded
• Integrated into the host chromosome
• Integrated into a plasmid

Question 2

Restriction endonucleases/enzymes

Answer 2

Used by bacteria to degrade foreign DNA

Question 3

Transformation

Answer 3

The uptake of naked DNA by “competent cells”

Question 4

Transduction

Answer 4

The transfer of DNA between bacteria through a virus

Question 5

Conjugation

Answer 5

Transfer of DNA between bacteria through cell to cell contact using sex plius

Question 6

Mutations in DNA can cause

Answer 6

Antibiotic Resistance

Question 7

Types of DNA Mutations

Answer 7

Base changes
Deletions
Insertions
Duplications
Rearrangements

Question 8

What type of DNA mutation is least likely to cause antibiotic resistance

Answer 8

Deletions

Question 9

Different bacteria occupy…

Answer 9

different niches in the oral cavity

Question 10

Subgingival bacteria are…

Answer 10

Generally proteolitic

Question 11

Supragingical bacteria are…

Answer 11

Generally Saccrolitic

Question 12

Factors that promote colonization in the oral activity include

Answer 12

Adherence properties
Synergistic bacteria
Nutritional substrates
Temperature
Moisture control

Question 13

Factors that inhibit colonizaiton in the oral cavity include

Answer 13

Antimicrobial properties of saliva
Mechanical shearing
Antagonistic bacteria

Question 14

Bacterial species related to perio

Answer 14

More species are associated with periodontitis, while fewer species are associated with periodontal health

Question 15

Microbial composition in periodontitis

Answer 15

Shifts in microbial composition occur in periodontitis, however no bacterium is found in all patients with periodontitis, and never found in healthy subjects

Question 16

Tissue destruction that occurs during periodontitis is due to..

Answer 16

Host response

Question 17

There is a small shift during periodontitis

Answer 17

From gram positive to gram negative

Question 18

During periodontitis, the complexity of the microbial community…

Answer 18

Increases

Question 19

There is a slight shift to more __________ uncultivated bacteria in periodontitis

Answer 19

Uncultivated

Question 20

Microbial diversity __________ in caries

Answer 20

Declines

Question 21

As caries progresses…

Answer 21

There is a progression of dominant species

Question 22

Each location in the oral cavity has its own…

Answer 22

Associated microbial composition. However, there is overlap