Vibrio, Compylobacter, Helicobacter Flashcards
Vibrio- shape, gram, spores?, movement
Curved rod shape
Gram neg
Do not form spores
large flagella
cholera bacterial cause and transmission
Toxigenic strains of Vibrio Cholera
transmission- Ingestion of contaminated water/food
Symtoms of cholera ( how long does it last )
Very severe watery diarrhea w electrolyte loss lasting 2-5 days
Cholera pathogenisis
causes excessive cAMP activation
PKA activity increases causing hypersecreation of CL and NA (along with water)
How to prevent cholera and tx for it
Prevent
- Proper water santisation
- Boil water
- hand washing
- dukoral vaxine
Tx- fluid/electrolyte replacement is essential
What can mimic cholera and has a similar vaccine for both
Enterotoxigenic e coli (ETEC)
What are the 3 vibrio species
Vibrio cholera
Vibrio paraharmolyticus
Vibrio Vulnificans
Common cause of vibrio paraharmolyticus
infecion is typically associated with ingestion of bacteria in raw/undercooked seafood (oysters)
Progession of vibro paraharmolyticus and symptoms
24 hr incubation
-Acute gastroenteritis (explosive, watery or bloody diahreea)
Vibrio vulnificus common causes
Acute gastroenteritis from eating raw or undercooked shellfish
Signs and symptoms of vibrio vulnificus
Acute gastroenteritis (much more sever than vibrio paraharmolyticus) -can lead to sepsis, blistering dermatitis
Campylobacter- shape, gram, o2, spore, mc kind that affects humans
Shape- spiril
Gram- gram neg
o2- microaerophile (poisoned at high doses)
spore- no
-C. Jejuni
what does c. jejuni typically cuase and reason why
Campylobacteriosis
Gastroenteritis
associated with oral ingestion of food/water contaminated with bac from fecal matter
Symptoms of campylobacteriosis caused by c. jejuni and what is it associated with after infection
Abdominal pain, diahrea, fever for 7 days (self limiting)
Associated with Guillain barre syndrome (reactive arthritis)
Pathogenesis of campylobacteriosis
Penetrates gastro tissue using high motility/spiril shape
produces virulence factors (LPS) which contribute to gastro issues
Helicobacter pylori- gram, shape, o2, common location
gram neg
Spiril shape
Microaerophilic (poisoned by too much o2)
Common in stomach (acidophilic)
Transmission of helicobacteri pylori and who is likely affected
Person to person transmission via oral oral/ fecal oral route
-children more likely to aquire
Pathogenesis of H pylori+ virulence factors (3)
- Flagella for entry to gastic mucus layer
- Secreted enzymes (mucinase) erode stomachs protective layer
- urease
- LPS
What CAG of H pylori is associated w increased risk of gastirc cancer
CagA
VacA
What % of h pylori is usually asymptomatic
80-90%
Symptomatic infection of h pylori (4)
Gastritits- inflammation of stomach lininf
Duodenitis- inflamation of duodenum
Peptic Ulcer- Erosion of stomach
Gastric cancers
How to diagnose H pylor + tx
Endoscpy, serology, urea breath test/ stool test
tx- 2 antibiotics + pro pump inhibitor (reduces gastric acid)
What percentage of people with h pylori develop cancer
1-3%
