Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Neuro 2 > Vestibular system > Flashcards

Vestibular system Flashcards

1
Q

How does the vestibular system work?

A
  1. Mechanical sensors detect gravity and movement
  2. CNS integrates this information and generates responses
  3. Outputs are perception and reflexes that maintain posture and gaze
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are examples of mechanical sensors?

A

-Canals
-Otoliths

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the otolith made up of?

A

Utricle and saccule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How does the otolith work?

A

Hairs in different directions which detect movement and gravity
Detect linear acceleration (vertical and horizontal movement)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does the utricle detect?

A

Horizontal movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does the saccule detect?

A

Vertical movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the function of semicircular canals?

A

Rotational acceleration and angular acceleration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the 3 semicircular canals in the vestibular organ?

A

-Anterior semi circular canal
-Posterior semi circular canal
-Lateral semi circular canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the semicircular canals connected to?

A

The ampulla which connects to the utricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is true maculae?

A

-A gelatinous matrix on which the hair cells sit
-Moves the hair cells to show movement or gravity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is in the ampulla?

A

Hair cells surrounded by endolymph

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How does the vestibular organ work?

A

Movement of the cilia which depolarises cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How does the hair cell get depolarised?

A

Hairs move towards the largest cilium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How does the hair cell get hyperpolarised?

A

Hairs move away from the largest cilium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the pathway of the vestibular system?

A
  1. Primary afferents
  2. Vestibular nuclei in the brainstem (pons)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are other functions of the vestibular system?

A

-Detect and inform about head movements
-Keep images fixed in the retina during head movements
-Balance

17
Q

What are the 2 vestibular reflexes?

A

-Vestibulo ocular reflex
-Vestibulo spinal reflex

18
Q

What is the purpose of the vestibular ocular reflex?

A

Keeps image fixed in the retina

19
Q

How does the vestibular ocular reflex work?

A

-Vestibular organ communicates with vestibular nuclei
-Vestibular nuclei communicates with abducens nuclei
-Abducens nuclei communicates with oculomotor nuclei

20
Q

What 2 things do we look at when categorising vestibular disorders?

A

-Timing and laterally

21
Q

What are the main complaints in acute and unilateral vestibular disorder?

A

-Imbalance
-Dizziness
-Vertigo
-Nausea

22
Q

What are he main complaints in slow and unilateral/bilateral loss?

A

-Imbalance
-Nausea
-NO vertigo

23
Q

How can vestibular disorders be categorised based on location?

A

-Peripheral vestibular disorders
-Central vestibular disorders

24
Q

What are examples of peripheral vestibular disorders?

A

-BPPV= crystals dislodge and move around when moving around
-Vestibular neuritis= inflammation
-Vestibular migraine
-Stroke (cerebellar)

25
Q

What are the core examinations for peripheral vestibular disorders?

A

-Eyes
-Ears
-Legs

26
Q

What are red flag symptoms for peripheral vestibular disorders?

A

-Headache
-Gait problems
-Hyper acute onset
-Hearing loss
-Prolonged symptoms (>4 days)

27
Q

How do you test for the vestibular ocular reflex?

A

-Move head in jerky movements while focusing on a spot to see if it can stay focused
-Eye cover test

28
Q

What does an eye cover test test for?

A

Vertical skew
If eye moves up and down

29
Q

What are the 4 types of vestibular disorders based on timing?

A

-Acute
-Intermittent
-Recurrent
-Progressive

30
Q

What are examples of acute vestibular disorders?

A

-Vestibular neuritis
-Stroke

31
Q

What are examples of intermittent vestibular disorders?

A

-Benign paroxysmal
positional vertigo (BPPV)

32
Q

What are examples of recurrent vestibular disorders?

A

-Migraine
-Meiners’s disease

33
Q

What are examples of progressive vestibular disorders?

A

-Schwannoma vestibular (8th nerve)
-Degenerative conditions (MSS)

34
Q

What examination is done to differentiate between acute vestibular disorders?

A

-HINTS test
-Head impulse test where you move the head quickly to see if it can stay focused on one spot and test of skew

35
Q

What does HINTS stand for?

A

-Head impulse test
-Nystagmus
-Test of skew

36
Q

What is nystagmus?

A

Jerky movement of the eye
Drifting eyes then sudden correction

37
Q

What examination is done to differentiate between intermittent vestibular disorders?

A

-Dix Hallpike test
-Hang head on bed and keep eyes open
-If their world starts spinning then its a positive sign

Neuro 2 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions