Vessels, Nerves And Conducting System Of The Heart Flashcards

1
Q

The vessels of the heart are in embedded in what?

A

Epicardial fat

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2
Q

What does functional end arteries mean?

A

They have potential anastomoses (no overlap; cannot provide collateral circulation fast enough in situations of block)

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3
Q

When do coronary arteries fill?

A

During diastole

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4
Q

What are the branches of the ascending aorta?

A

2 coronary arteries (left and right)

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5
Q

Where do the coronary arteries arise from?

A

Aortic sinus above their respective valve cusp of aortic valve

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6
Q

Where do coronary arteries deliver nutrients to?

A

Directly to epicardium and myocardium, and indirectly to the endocardium and subendocardium via diffusion

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7
Q

Where do the coronary arteries course through?

A

Along the atrioventricular grooves

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8
Q

What artery is the widow maker?

A

Left anterior descending artery (LADA/AIVA)

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9
Q

What is the most commonly blocked artery in the US?

A

Left anterior descending artery

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10
Q

What is significance blockage of an artery?

A

When an artery is more than 50% blocked

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11
Q

What is coronary dominance?

A

Defined by which of the 2 coronary arteries gives off the posterior interventricular artery (PIVA)
Which usually supplies the AVN

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12
Q

What supplies the AVN?

A

Posterior interventricular artery (PIVA)

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13
Q

What are the potential anastomoses?

A
  1. A. Of the conus- with LAD
  2. Interventricular septum by septal perforator- LAD with PDA
  3. Cardiac apex between LAD with PDA
  4. At the “crux” between LCX and PDA
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14
Q

Where does lymph drainage from the heart go?

A

Tracheo-bronchial lymph nodes

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15
Q

What artery accompanies the small cardiac vein?

A

Rt marginal artery

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16
Q

What passes through the moderator band?

A

Right AV bundle branches

17
Q

What does the QRS complex signify?

A

Ventricular depolarization, contraction and atrial repolarization

18
Q

What does the P interval on an ekg signify?

A

Atrial depolarization

19
Q

What does the T wave signify on an ekg?

A

Ventricular repolarization

20
Q

How do you determine bpm on an ekg?

A

Count the squares between each R spike time

Divide 300 by the space between each R.

E.g. 300/4 = 75 bpm

21
Q

The heart is different of the ANS because?

A

The sympathetic is post-ganglionic

Receives both Sympathetic and Parasympathetic

22
Q

What doe the sympathetic innervate on the heart?

A

Coronary arteries and nodes (SAN)

23
Q

What plexus supplies the heart?

A

Cardiac plexus