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Block II Exam > Vessels and Nerves of the Pelvis > Flashcards

Vessels and Nerves of the Pelvis Flashcards

1
Q

What is the principal function of the sympathetic trunks in the pelvis?

A

Deliver postganglionic sympathetic fibers to the anterior rami of sacral nerves for distribution of periphery, mainly to lower limbs and perineum

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2
Q

Sacral splanchnic nerves innervates:

A

pelvis viscera

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3
Q

What innervates the skin of the in the anal triangle of the perineum?

A

Anococcygeal nerves (S5-Co)

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4
Q

Pelvic plexuses give origin to what other plexuses?

A

prostatic vesicle
uterovaginal
rectal

“Pelvic plexuses gives origin to PUR”

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5
Q

Cavernous nerves are extensions of what plexus?

A

prostatic plexus—-innervates male erection tissues

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6
Q

Hypogastric nerves consists of preganglionic sympathetic fibers that leave spinal cord at what levels?

A

T10-L2

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7
Q

Hypogastric nerves (preganglionic sympathetics) has what innervations?

A
  1. Moving secretions from epididymis during ejaculation
  2. Contraction of smooth muscle (reproductive, anal, urethra in men)
  3. Innervates blood vessels

“Hypo MIC”

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8
Q

Parasympathetic fibers innervations are:

A
  1. vasodilatory
  2. stimulate bladder contraction
  3. stimulate erection
  4. supply innervation to the distal colon
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9
Q

What travels with parasympathetic and sympathetic fibers?

A

Visceral afferents (sensory–pain)

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10
Q

Sympathetic visceral afferents causes pain in what region?

A

Lower thoracic and lumbar

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11
Q

Parasympathetic visceral afferents causes:

A

Pain the bladder, cervix and urethra (sacral levels)

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12
Q

If the inferior hypogastric plexus is disturbed during a prostatectomy, what may happen?

A

Man may lose the ability to erect because cavernous nerves were interrupted or ligated.

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13
Q

Middle rectal artery anastomose with

A

the superior rectal artery (from IMA)

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14
Q

Inferior Rectal artery originates from?

A

the internal pudendal artery

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15
Q

What artery supplies the erectile tissues of clitoris and penis?

A

The internal pudendal artery

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16
Q

Where does the ovarian artery branch from versus the uterine artery?

A

Ovarian–abdominal aorta

Uterine–anterior branch of internal iliac artery

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17
Q

Arteries of the posterior branch of the internal iliac artery:

A

Iliolumbar

Lateral Sacral (2)

Superior gluteal artery

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18
Q

Arteries from the anterior branch of the iliac muscle is:

A

1) Umbilical artery–branch into superior vesicle artery
2) Inferior Gluteal Artery
3) Internal Pudendal Artery–supplies perineu
4) Vaginal artery (in women) OR inferior vesicle artery (men)
5) Obturator artery
6) Middle Rectal Artery

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19
Q

What is an important portacaval shunt if the hepatic portal system is blocked?

A

The pelvic plexus

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20
Q

Where do internal hemorrhoids occur and where do they originate from?

A

Enlarged Superior rectal veins on each side of anal column

Above pectinate line

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21
Q

External hemorrhoids come from

A

enlargement of vessels of external rectal plexus

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22
Q

deep dorsal veins drains what?

A

erectile tissues

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23
Q

Ovarian veins joins what on the left and what on the right?

A

Left renal vein

Abdominal IVC

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24
Q

Pudendal nerve travels through its canal located where?

A

Icchio-anal fossa—w/ internal pudendal arteruy and veins

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25
Q

Viscera nerves of the pelvis are mainly postganglionic ____

A

sympathetic fibers.

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26
Q

What artery supplies the crus of the corpus cavernosum?

A

deep artery of penis

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27
Q

Dorsal artery of the penis supplies what?

A

Glans penis and superficial tissues penis

28
Q

deep artery of the clitoris supplies ______.

dorsal artery supplies___

A

crura and corpus cavernosum

glans of clitoris

29
Q

External pudendal arteries come from?

A

femoral arteries of the thigh

30
Q

Deep dorsal vein drains what of clitoris and penis ?

A

Glans and the corpora cavernosa

31
Q

Lymphatic channels of scrotum drains into:

A

superficial inguinal nodes

32
Q

Disease in the testes can spread to the posterior abdominal wall and not to inguinal or iliac nodes because testis drain in what nodes?

A

lateral aortic, lumbar nodes, pre-aortic nodes

33
Q

The deep inguinal lymph nodes drain what structures of the vulva?

A

The clitoris–also superficial nodes can be an answer choice

34
Q

What nerves—spinal cord level– is responsible for the pain sensation of the bladder?

A

the sensory fibers enter the dorsal root ganglia of spinal nerves S2, S3, S4

35
Q

Ovarian lymph first drain into:

A

the para-aortic nodes at the level of renal vessels

36
Q

Internal iliac nodes receives lymph from:

A

uterus and cervix

37
Q

Lymph from cutaneous portion of the anal canal (below pectinate line) drains into:

A

superficial inguinal nodes

38
Q

Lymph from most parts of rectum and from mucosal zone of anal canal (above pectinate line) drains into:

A

Internal iliac nodes

39
Q

The detrusor muscle of the bladder receives what type of innervation from where?

A

Parasympathetic nerve fibers from pelvic splanchnic nerves

40
Q

The perineal branch of the perineal nerve innervates what structure?

A

External urethral sphincter—damage to this can cause paralysis and urinary incontinence

41
Q

The internal pudendal artery gives rise to:

A

deep and dorsal artery of the vagina and penis

42
Q

Cancer present in the inguinal nodes are indicative signs of

A

Uterine cancer

43
Q

Lymph from rectum flows into what nodes?

A

Pelvic nodes

44
Q

The internal iliac nodes drains what structures?

A

Body of uterus, middle and upper vagina, cervix

45
Q

The superficial inguinal nodes drain what part of the vagina?

A

vulva and vestibule and the body of the uterus near the round ligament

46
Q

What is a good landmark to find the pudendal nerve during a transvaginal approach?

A

Ischial spine

47
Q

What nerve carries pain sensation from the anus?

A

Pudendal nerve

48
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the prostate?

A

The internal iliac lymph nodes and sacral lymph nodes—involves in a pelvic lymphadenectomy.

49
Q

Which of the following nerves convey sensory fibers from the cervix?

A

Pelvic splanchnic nerves

50
Q

What nerves carries pain fibers from upper part of the uterus?

A

Superior hypogastric nerves

51
Q

The pudendal nerve contains skeletal, motor, and sympathetic fibers to provide _____ innervation to ______.

A

sensory innervation

external genitalia including lower third of vagina

52
Q

The inferior rectal nerve innervates the skin around the anus and what muscle?

A

external anal sphincter

53
Q

Adjacent to the external iliac artery is what artery that branches from abdominal aorta?

A

Ovarian artery

54
Q

Vaginal artery is a branch of what artery?

A

Uterine artery which comes from internal iliac artery

55
Q

What structure is at risk during an ovariectomy?

A

Ureter

56
Q

What nerve is responsible for adductor muscles of the thigh?

A

The obturator nerve

57
Q

The pudendal nerve is somatic and innervates that part of the labia majora and vagina ?

A

The posterior labia majora and the the inferior vagina

58
Q

What part of the vagina does the ilioinguinal and genitofemoral innervates?

A

The anterior part of the vagina

59
Q

What nerve innervates the anterolateral surface of the scrotum?

A

L1—ilioinguinal nerve

60
Q

You would cut the suspensory ligament to avoid excessive bleeding during surgery. True or False

A

True

61
Q

What is the source of the pudendal nerve?

A

Ventral Rami S2-S4

62
Q

What is the nerve supply to the anal canal/mucosa?

A

Pudendal nerve–ventral rami of S2-S4

63
Q

Glans of penis drains into what lymph nodes?

A

Deep inguinal

64
Q

External urethra sphincter is a somatic function innervated by what?

A

The pudendal nerve

65
Q

Sacral nodes drains what part of the pelvic wall?

A

Posterior pelvic wall–and rectum

66
Q

Deep nodes drains into?

A

Internal iliac nodes

67
Q

“i”nferior to pectinate line =

A

“I”nguinal nodes

Block II Exam (16 decks)

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