Abdominal Vasculature and Portal Venous System

Question 1

The transverse duodenum passes anteriorly to what?

Answer 1

The IVC and aorta

Question 2

The SMA passes anteriorly to the:

Answer 2

duodenum and left renal vein

Question 3

If the angle of the SMA decreases, what structures will most likely be obstructed?

Answer 3

Transverse portion of duodenum and left renal vein

Question 4

Symptoms of aortic anuerysm

Answer 4

pulsation in his epigastric region and high blood pressure

Question 5

caput medusae is an end-stage characteristic of what liver disease?

Answer 5

liver cirrhosis

Question 6

Snakelike appearance on the body wall is a sign of what?

Answer 6

Caput medusae

Question 7

Umbilical veins are are expanded when hypertension occurs in what vein?

Answer 7

Portal vein

Question 8

Dilated veins on anterior wall of abdomen is a sign of what?

Answer 8

Caput medusae–obstruction of the portal vein

Question 9

Gastroduodenal artery travels behind what structure?

Answer 9

First part of duodenum

Question 10

To alleviate symptoms of portal hypertension, a vein from the portal venous system must anamost with a vein from what system?

Answer 10

Caval-systemic venous system

Question 11

Fluid ascites, dilated varies, jaundice and portal hypertension are all aftereffects of what liver disease?

Answer 11

Hepatic cirrhosis

Question 12

When pressure in the portal vein is elevated, varices occur at what sites?

Answer 12

Anorectal junction

Esophageal varices at the gastroesophageal region’

Caput medusae at the umbilicus

Question 13

caput medusae: The para-umbilical veins anastomose with veins of:

Answer 13

anterior abdominal wall

Question 14

anorectal junction: The superior rectal vein of the portal system anastomose with:

Answer 14

middle and inferior rectal veins

Question 15

gastroeopogeal junction: where the left gastric vein anastomoses with:

Answer 15

azygos system of veins of the caval system

Question 16

The caval-systemic venous system ideally is present to allow what:

Answer 16

low-resistance and easily performed anastomosis

Question 17

What vein of the liver carries blood to the back to the heart?

Answer 17

hepatic vein

Question 18

Portal vein drains from what organs to the liver

Answer 18

Stomach, spleen, pancreas, intestines

Question 19

Bleeding from esophogeeal varices is observed. The varices most likely a result of anastomoses between the left gastric vein and which other vessel (s)?

Answer 19

Azygos system of veins

Question 20

What artery will most likely provide collateral supply to descending colon if IMA is occluded?

Answer 20

Middle colic artery