Abdominal Nerves Flashcards by Lashunda Fletcher

Paravertebral plexus consists of both:

Parasympathetic and Sympathetic fibers

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Four Paravertebral ganglia in posterior abdominal wall:

Celiac Ganglion
Superior mesenteric ganglion
Inferior Mesenteric ganglion
Aorticorenal ganglion

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Gray rami communicantes carry

postganglionic sympathetic fibers from L1-L5

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Sympathetic . and parasympathetic fibers innervate:

Digestive system
Urinary system
Reproductive system

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Pelvic splanchnic nerves only carries:

parasympathetic fibers

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Vagus does not innervate:

Colons; stops at splenic flexure

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Pelvic splanchnic nerves innervates (S2-S4):

Colon

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Parasympathetic Innervation of the Abdomen:

Vagus nerve—to splenic flexure

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Sympathetic Innervation of the Abdomen:

Thoracic splanchnic (greater, lesser, least)

Lumbar splanchnic nerves

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Greater Splanchnic nerve (T5-T9) innervates:

structures of celiac ganglion

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Inferior mesenteric and superior hypogastric plexus are only:

Sympathetic

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Umbilical region ( part of SMA ganglion) is innervated by:

T9-T10 of lesser splanchnic nerves

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The kidneys referred pain comes from

T12—least splanchnic

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Inferior Mesenteric ganglion is

innervated by L1and L2

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Lumbar plexus formed by what rami?

T12-L4

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Lumbar plexus is visceral or somatic?

Somatic

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How to distinguish subcostal nerve of LP?

Around rib 12 up comes transversely

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Iliohypogastric should superior to what structure ?

Iliac crest and pierces transversus abdominis

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ilioinguinal comes from L1 and travels around?

travels around iliac crest and enters superficial ring

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lateral cutaneous branch of the genitofemoral nerve travels around whew?

travel deep to inguinal ligament—lateral to femoral nerve

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Where things travel from the pelvis to the thigh?

Obturator canal

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Where things travel from pelvic cavity to gluteal region and lower extremity?

Greater sciatic foramen

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Where things travel from pelvic cavity to gluteal region and perineum?

Lesser sciatic foramen

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Another name for hip bone is:

os coxae

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3 bones of the os coxae are:

ilium ischium pubis

Greater and lesser sciatic notches become?

Greater and lesser sciatic foramen

Beginning of true pelvis is known as what line?

The arcuate line---part of pelvic brim

Where does the sacrum articulate to the os coxae?

auricular surface

origin of hamstring muscle is what?

Ischial tuberosity

If ischial spine is pointing towards you, is the bone anterior or posterior?

Posterior

Obturator foramen is the embryological name and the and the obturator canal is what the _____ nerve runs through.

Obturator nerve and artery

iliopectineal line makes up the:

pelvic brim

Anterior and posterior foramina of the sacrum are continuous with each other, but the anterior rami of S1-S4 goes through ____ and the dorsal rami goes through ____.

anterior, posterior

What separates the abdomen from the pelvis?

The pelvic brim/pelvic inlet

Pelvic inlet is made of:

The 1. iliopectineal line 2. pubis bone 3. sacral promontory 4. symphyseal joint (pubic symphysis)

What is the anterior border of the pelvic inlet?

The pubic symphysis

Pelvic outlet separates true pelvis and what?

Perineum

Platellyolid

more flat pelvis, harder to have baginal delivery

fixed diameter should be 11 cm or greater anterior posterior diameter of lesser pelvis where the baby head passes through from promontory to true symphysis

True conjugate

second and third finger will measure the distance of the true conjugate ---this is called

diagonal conjugate

largest diameter in the pelvis between the two iliopectineal lines (13cm)

transverse diameter

interspinous distance

not fixed most narrowed widens when pregnant

What is the pelvic floror made of?

coccygeus muscle and levator ani

Rectovesical pouch:

in men---between the rectum and bladder

rectouterine pouch (of Douglas):

in women: between the rectum and uterus--lowest part of peritoneal cavity and will collect fluid (when a person is standing)

Vesicouterine pouch:

second pouch in women: between uterus and bladder--lowest part of peritoneal cavity and will collect fluid (when a person is standing)

Somatic plexuses in pelvis

sacral plexus | coccygeal muscle

sacral plexus (S1-S4 and L4-L5) is anterior to_

piriformis muscle

sacral plexus innervates:

lower extremities and muscles of the pelvis and perineum

Superior gluteal nerve

L4-S1 ---exits "Superior" to piriformis muscle

Inferior gluteal nerve

L5-S2--exits "Inferior" to piriformis muscle

Sciatic nerve

L4-S3---exits inferior to piriformis---innervates everything below except anterior thigh

nerves that exits through greater sciatic foramen and enter back through the lesser sciatic foramen

pudendal nerve and nerve to obturator internus

What makes up the anococcygeal nerve and what does it supply?

Made up of S5 (and some of S4) and coccygeal nerve----gives rise to the skin in the anal triangle of perineum

Obturator is apart of what plexus?

Lumbar plexus (L4-L5)

Terminal ganglion that is in front of the coccyx.

Ganglion impar

Visceral paravertebral ganglion delivers:

postganglionic sympathetic fibers to the ventral rami of the sacral nerves of of lower limbs

pelvic splanchnic nerves does not come from _____

sympathetic trunk

pelvic splanchnic nerves originate from

S2 and S4 spinal nerves

pelvic splanchnic nerves innervates:

erection tissues hindgut---transverse, descending, sigmoid colon pelvis and perineum

pelvic splanchnic nerves enter through _____ plexus

inferior hypogastric plexus(back up prevertebral plexus)

Sacral splanchnic nerves are ____thetic

Sympathetic

Inferior hypogastric plexus has sympathetic and parasympathetic because it consists of which two splanchnic nerves?

Sacral splanchnic nerves (sym) and pelvic splanchnic nerves (para)

Superior hypogastric plexus only consists of:

sympathetic fibers

Superior hypogastric plexus is the final part of ______ plexus

Abdominal prevertebral plexus----anterior to L5 and between sacral promontory and bifurcation of aorta

The pelvic splanchnic nerves join with the sacral splanchnic nerves to form:

Inferior hypogastric plexus

Inferior hypogastric plexus consists of both __ and ___?

sympathetic and parasympathetic

Gray rami communicantes connects what two structures?

Sacral ventral rami and sympathetic trunk

Emission of penis is caused by what fibers?

Sympathetic fibers----- from lower thoracic and upper lumbar spinal nerves

Ejaculation is caused by

somatic motor nerves