Vesicular rashes Flashcards

1
Q

Hand, foot and mouth disease:

Pathogen?

Type of rash and where?
Other symptoms

Management? School?

A

Coxsackie A16

Vesicular rash on mouth, palms and soles

Fever, sore throat and child miserable

Keep out of school if unwell
Return if feeling better and rash still there

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2
Q

Chicken Pox:

Pathogen

Incubation

When infectious?

A

Varicella zosyer borius (VZV, human herpes virus 3)

1 - 3 weeks

2 days before
5 days after symptoms start

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3
Q

Chicken Pox:

Disease pattern - what type of lesions?
Where

What type of prodrome and for how long?

A

Crops of papules then vesicles then pustules then crust

Starts on head, trunk and/or back then spreads to peripheries

Fever 2 days

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4
Q

Chicken Pox:

Management:

  • What most common?
  • Analgesia/antipyresis?
  • What about for neonates, the immunosupressed or those at risk of complications (e.g. CVD or lung diseases)?
A

Conservative for most

Paracetamol preferred
NSAID’s increase the risk of servere skin and soft tissure complications

Antivaricella-zoster immunoglobulin (VZIG) plus aciclovir

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5
Q

Chicken Pox:

Complications
Acute
Long term
Obstetric

A

Secondary bacterial infection - Staph aureus or group A strep
Encephalitis
Pneumonia
DIC

Shingles

Fetal problems in first 20 wks - limb hypoplasia, microcephaly and cataracts
Give VZIG if previously unexposded woman is exposded and VZV IgG is negative and it is less than 10 days

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6
Q

Other cutaneuous herpes simplex:

HSV1 - how it enters?
HSV2 - what it cuases in adults
What is one feature of herpes simplex viruses?

A

Skin and mucosa

Genital herpes

Reactivation of latent virus

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7
Q

Other cutaneuous herpes simplex:

Signs and symptoms:

  • Oral herpes
  • Systemic
  • What is eczema herpeticum?
  • What is herpetic whitlows?
A

Painful vesicles in mouth (primary infection)
Painful vesicles on lips (secondary infection)

Fever
Irritable
Miserable

Vesicels on pre-existing eczema

Painful red pustules on fingers

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8
Q

Other cutaneuous herpes simplex:

Management

  • Topical
  • Analgesia - types (especially for children)
A

Topical aciclover but most don’t need treatment

Analgesia for pain or topical local anatheisia - benzydamine
Spray or mouthwash for children

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9
Q

Impetigo:

What is it?

Pathogen?

Where does it occur?

What makes this worth knowing about?

A

Superficial infection of the epidermis

Staph aureus / group A strep (less common)

Broken skin

Commonest bacterial skin infection in children

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10
Q

Impetigo:

Where?
Type of rash?
Another feature with lymph nodes?

A

Usually face

Pustules that rupture and leave yellow-brown plaques

Regional lymphadenopathy

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11
Q

Impetigo:

Rx:

  • Topical
  • What if widespread?
  • When to go back to school?
A

Topical fusidic acid and crust should be removed in bath for proper penetration

Flucloxacillin PO if widespread

When lesions crust over

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12
Q

What is Bullous impetigo?

Where?

A

Rarer, form
Flaccid, transparent bullae which easily rupture
Usually on limbs, trunks, buttocks or face

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13
Q

Viral warts:

Pathogens

Where are the warts?

Management
- what if they persist?

A

Human papilloma virus

Warts usually occur on fingers or soles

Usually conservative

Cosmetic concern - cover with tape, salycylic acid, cyrotherapy, cautery

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