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PAEDIATRICS > Maculopapular Rashes > Flashcards

Maculopapular Rashes Flashcards

1
Q

Measles:

What does ND mean?

A

ND = notifiable disease

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2
Q

Measles:

How is it spread?

A

Droplets

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3
Q

Measles:

Incubation

A

7-12 days

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4
Q

Measles:

What are the 4 C’s that indicate a child might have measles?

A

Cough
Corzya
Conjunctivitis
Cranky

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5
Q

Measles:

What type of virus causes measles?

A

RNA - from the morbillivirus genus

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6
Q

Measles:

When is measles highly infectious?

A

4 days before and 4 days after rash onset

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7
Q

Measles:

Type of rash? Where does it start and spread to?

What is the prodrome for measles? - 2

A

Maculopapular rash that spreads from behind the ears to whole body, including palms and soles.

Fever and 4C’s - corzya, conjunctivitis, cough and koplik spots

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8
Q

Measles:

Investigations?

A

Serum IgM and/or throat swab PCR

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9
Q

Measles:

Management for patient

A

Rest
Oral fluids
Paracetamol
Isolate patient if hospitalized

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10
Q

Measles:

Post-exposure prophylaxis - when?

  • Who tends to get this?
  • What is given to infants under 12 months
  • What is given to infants 6-12 months who are under 72 hours of exposure?
  • What is given to severely immunocomprimised people?
  • What should be done for unvaccinated pregnancy women?
A

Within 6 days for vulnerable contacts

IMIG - Intramuscular Immune Globulin (IMIG)

MMR

IVIG

Check IgG and give IVIG if negative

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11
Q

Measles:

Complications of measles

  • Resp
  • ENT
  • CNS - during/post infection and years later
  • Liver
  • Something specific in children to do with temperature
  • In utero
A

Giant cell pneumonia - commonest cause of death

Otitis media

Acute meningitis (during/post infection)
Encephalitis (during/post infection)
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (years later)

Hepatitis

Febrile convulsions

Fetal malformations

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12
Q

Mumps:

How is it spread?
Droplets and saliva

A

Droplets

14-21 days

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13
Q

Mumps:

How long does immunity last?

A

A lifetime once infected

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14
Q

Mumps:

Infectivity before and after infection?

A

7 days before

9 days after

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15
Q

Mumps:

Signs

A

Prodromal malaise
Pyrexia
Painful parotid swelling and may become bilateral

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16
Q

Mumps:

Rx

A

Rest Vaccine

17
Q

Mumps:

Complications

  • CNS
  • Ortho
  • Gi
A

Meningitis

Arthritis

Pancreatitis

18
Q

Rubella:

Another name for it?

A

German measles

19
Q

Rubella:

Incubation

How long is someone infectious for?

A

2-3 weeks

7 days before and after

20
Q

Rubella:

Type of rash? Does it spread?

Other symptoms

A

Macular rash on face which spreads

Itchy
Painful suboccipital and postarticular lymphadenopathy

21
Q

Rubella:

Complications

  • Ortho
  • In-utero - 4
A

Arthiritis

Fetal malformations
Deafness
Blindness
Heart defects

22
Q

Erythema infectiosum:

Other names?

Pathogen responsible?

A

Fifth disease
Slapped cheeck

Parvovirus B19

23
Q

Erythema infectiosum:

Name of slapped check rash?

What happens after the onset of slapped check rash?

Prodrome?

What can parcovirus B19 cause in adults?

A

Malar erythema LOOK UP PIC

A maculopapular or lace network rash on trunk on limbs -

Fever
Malaise
Headache
Myalgia

Symmetrical polyarthritis with non-specific rash

24
Q

Erythema infectiosum:

Management:

What about school?
Who should be avoided?
What is a pregnany woman is exposed to it? (e.g. mum)

A

They are infectious 10 days before the rash so can still go to school

Avoid pregnany women, the immunocomprimised or those with anaemias

Parvovirus IgG and IgM checked and fetal testing and monitoring if IgM positive

25
Q

Erythema infectiosum:

Complications:

What does an aplastic crisis increase your risk of?

Fetal complications?

A

Sickle cell
Thalassaemia

Fetal death
Hydrops
HF leading to oedema if in-utero

26
Q

Roseola Infantum:

Pathogen responsible?

What about school?

S+S - 2 - which one first?

Complications - temp and CNS

A

HHV 6-7

No time of school needed

Fever and then maculopapular rash

Febrile convulsion s
Encephalitis

27
Q

Molluscum Contagiosum:

Pathogen?

How is it spread? What about in adults?

A

Molluscum Contagiosum virus

Direct contact or contaminated objects
Sex

28
Q

Molluscum Contagiosum:

How does the rash look?

How may the rash spread?

How long can the rash last?

A

Pearly
Skin coloured papules
Central dimple

Auto-infection - itching and touching

2 yrs

29
Q

Molluscum Contagiosum:

Management

A

Avoid scratching
Emoillients
No time of school needed

30
Q

Scarlet fever

Pathogen?

What might this follow

A

Group A Strep

Throat/skin infection

31
Q

Scarlet fever

Type of rash?
Tongue?
Cheeks

Management - 1 med - when can they return to school?

A

Red, sandpapery rash

Strawberry tongue

red cheecks and circumoral pallor

Phenoxymetholpenicillin PO
24 hrs after starting antibiotics

PAEDIATRICS (49 decks)

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