Normal Development Flashcards
4 domains
Gross motor (GM)
Fine motor and vision (FM+V)
Speech and hearing (S+H)
Social, emotional and behavioural (SEB)
GM - What would you expect at:
Newborn 6 wks 3 months 6 months 7-8 months 9 months 10 months 12 months 15 months 18 months 2 yrs 3 yrs 4 yrs 5 yrs
LOOK AT PP
Limb flexed when supine, head lag on pulling up
Head to 45 degrees when prone
Minimal head lag when lifted, sits with support
Rolls, pulls to sitting
Sit unsupported with young back at 7 months then straight back at 8 months
Crawl, Pull to stand
Furniture walk
Walks unsteadily
Walk steadily
Walks up stairs
Walks up and down the stairs
Jumps
Kicks ball
Stands on one leg, rides tricycle
Hops
Rides a bicycle
FM+V:
Newborn 6 wks 4 months 6 months 10 months 12 months 18months
This is when they start drawing: 2 yrs 2-3 yrs 3 yrs 4 yrs 5 yrs
Fixed in midline
fixes and follows items by turning head
Reach out for objects
Hands together
Objects to mouth
Voluntary palmar grip to pick objects
Transfers items across midline
Pincer grip
Throws
Drops things and watches where they go
Scribble
Tower of 3 blocks
Points in book with index finger
Tower of 6 blocks
Turn page one at a time
Draws vertical line
Draws circle and cross if shown
Hand preference emerges at 2-4 yrs
Draws square if shown
Draws triangle if shown, prints name, draws house and person
S+H:
Newborn 6 wks 3 months 6 months 7-8 months 9 months 12 months 18 months 2 yrs 3 yrs 4 yrs 5 yrs
Starts to noise
Smile and regard face
Coo (vowels)
Turns to sound
Imitates sound
Babbles (consonants and vowels) - dada, mama
Understands ‘no’
2-3 words in addition to dad and mama
Responds to name
10 words
50 words
Combines 203 simple sentences
Speech is mostly understandable, knows age and gender
Tell story, asks questions
Knows 4 colours, alphabet, near fluent speech
SEB:
6 wks 6 months 7-8 months 9 months 10 months 12 months 18 months 2 yrs 2-3 yrs 3 yrs 4 yrs 5 yrs
Smiles and regards face
Stranger anxiety
Brings food to mouth
At 6-12 months, develop object permanence and so starts enjoying peek-a-boo
Separation anxiety
Waves bye
Drinks from cup
Use spoon
Feeds self
Points to 2 body parts
Symbolic play
Dry by day, removes some clothes
Listens to stories
Dry at night
Toilet train 2-3 yrs
Parallel play - plays with others
Interactive play
Shares toys
Starts to dress self
Uses fork
Role play
Toilets alone
Dresses completely
Brushes teeth
Plays competitive games with rules, uses knife and fork
Primitive reflexes
What is the:
Moro reflex Rooting reflex Grasp reflex Stepping reflex Asymmetrical tonic neck reflex
Arm extension then flexion on dropping head back
Head turns towards touch near mouth, looking for feed
Grab object placed in hand
Stepping movement when held vertically then dipped so soles touch floor
When babies head turned to side, arm extension on that side and flexion on the other. Also called fencing posture.
When should primitive reflexes disappear?
If they continue, what could they impair?
What replaces them?
In the first 6 months
Impairs normal fine and gross motor development
Postural reflexes that allow sitting and standing
Development Assessment:
Ask about development
Take standard history
Test chid in all 4 domains
