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Neuro PT > Vertigo > Flashcards

Vertigo Flashcards

1
Q

Illusion of motion, either of self or the
environment

A

Vertigo

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2
Q

patient thinks that he/she is
moving, but is not actually moving

A

Illusion of motion

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3
Q

Why does vertigo occur?

A

Wrong data from receptors such as:
eyes
vestibular system
proprioceptive system

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4
Q

S/Sx of vertigo

A

Nausea and vomiting
Postural instability
Body malaise
Incapacity and anxiety
Gait disturbance

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5
Q

fastest receptor of motion

A

Vestibular receptors/SCC

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6
Q

To where does SCC gives information to?

A

CN VIII

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7
Q

What are the proprioceptors that give information to the vestibular nuclei?

A

Neck muscles/Muscle spindles

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8
Q

give information as to the position of the head

A

Eyes

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9
Q

What is the main function of the vestibular nuclei?

A

identify position
of head

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10
Q

Vestibular pathway

A

Vestibular nuclei→Cerebellum (FLARE)→Vestibulospinal pathway→Vestib tract→neck muscles

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11
Q

Function of the CNS

A

Interpretation
Learning
Adaptation
Compensation

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12
Q

VESTIBULAR DYSFUNCTION MAY PRESENT CLINICALLY
AS:

A

Acute loss or fluctuating function

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13
Q

Vestibular function is essential in what activities?

A

Motor learning
Maintaining complex postures
Standing or slow walking
Image stabilization

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14
Q

Vestibular nuclei, medulla, and cerebellum is affected in this type of vertigo

A

Central

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15
Q

Ears, eyes, and proprioceptors in the neck are affected in this type of vertigo

A

Peripheral

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16
Q

Transient vestibular dysfunction symptoms

A

Vertigo, nausea, imbalance

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17
Q

Sustained vestibular dysfunction symptoms

A

Slight nausea
NFW
loss of balance @ low speeds
loss of gaze stabilization

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18
Q

Neurologic causes of vertigo

A

Stroke
Brain ischemia
Tumors
Demyelinating dse
Traumatic head injury

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19
Q

Area involved in meniere’s dse

A

Semi-circular canals

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20
Q

Area involved in positional vertigo

A

cupula

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21
Q

Area involved in vestibular neuronitis

A

Distal CN VIII

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22
Q

Area involved in aminoglycoside toxicity

A

Labyrinths

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23
Q

A type of vertigo aggravated by head movement

A

Peripheral/Otologic

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24
Q

Head movement does not affect this type of vertigo

A

Neurologic

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25
Q

Frequency for peripheral/otologic vertigo

A

episodic

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26
Q

Frequency for neurologic vertigo

A

Periodic and is increasing in frequency

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27
Q

Present in any motion

A

Peripheral vertigo

28
Q

Only present in walking and is relieved by sitting or lying down

A

Neurologic

29
Q

Abnormal movements present in neurologic vertigo

A

Dysmetria
Dysdiadochokinesia

30
Q

Result of Romberg’s in neurologic vertigo

A

positive w eyes close/open + titubation

31
Q

Result of Romberg in otologic vertigo

A

Romberg’s is corrected w eye opening

32
Q

Direction of nystagmus in neurologic vertigo

A

Bi-directional

33
Q

Direction of nystagmus in otologic vertigo

A

Unidirectional

34
Q

shows EOM abnormalities

A

neurologic

35
Q

Examination for vestibular ocular reflex (VOR)

A

Hamalgyi maneuver (kiss & kill xD)

36
Q

Head shake test procedure

A

Shake in 3 directions with eyes close for 30 seconds.

37
Q

Positive sign for Halamgyi maneuver

A

Eyes correct/adjust

38
Q

Indication for positive Hamalgyi

A

Peripheral vertigo

39
Q

What is more prominent in neurologic vertigo

A

Bilateral nystagmus

40
Q

Nystagmus direction in peripheral vertigo

A

Unidirectional, horizontal

41
Q

Triggering vertigo during the dix hallpike maneuver indicates

A

geotropic nystagmus (toward the side of the ground)

42
Q

Triggering vertigo when sitting after the dix hallpike maneuver indicates

A

rotatory nystagmus towards the opposite side

43
Q

+ sign for peripheral vertigo in visual fixation

A

eyes are able to fixate

44
Q

+ sign for central vertigo in visual fixation

A

eyes are still moving

45
Q

+ sign and indication of eye cover test

A

eyes will correct, central vertigo

46
Q

+ sign for peripheral vertigo in fuduka stepping test

A

rotate 45 degrees towards impaired side

47
Q

+ sign for central vertigo in fuduka stepping test

A

ataxia
base enlargement
instability

48
Q

+ sign for fast tandem walk and indication

A

slow walking is difficult and improves with fast walking; peripheral vertigo

49
Q

Most common type of vertigo

A

Psychogenic vertigo

50
Q

Examples of this type of vertigo are motion sickness and height vertigo. It is also self-limiting

A

Physiologic vertigo

51
Q

anxiety and fears come out as a feeling of vertigo

A

Phobic postural vertigo

52
Q

do not treat the vertigo, treat the anxiety

A

Persistent postural perceptual vertigo

53
Q

is nystagmus present in psychogenic vertigo

A

no

54
Q

Short attacks of vertigo (seconds to minutes) on
change of position. Often misdiagnosed

A

Benign Positional Vertigo

55
Q

Occurs after hitting head and Labyrinth is affected by trauma to skull

A

Post-traumatic vertigo

56
Q

A type of peripheral vertigo that is the easiest to diagnose

A

Meniere’s dse

57
Q

Clinical presentations of Meniere’s dse

A

Vertigo c tinnitus and deafness

58
Q

Triggers of meniere’s

A

Cats
Caffeine
Alcohol
Tobacco
Stress

59
Q

Treatment approaches to peripheral vertigo

A

Pharmacologic
Vestibular rehab

60
Q

Aim of treatment for peripheral vertigo

A

restore balance of bilat. vestibular systems
reduce the sensitivity of the vestibular system

61
Q

A pharmacologic treatment that normalizes the firing of the neurons from the vestibular nuclei

A

Betahistine

62
Q

Parameters for betahistine

A

48 mg (one dose)
24 mg (BID)

63
Q

A pharmacologic treatment for prolonged vertigo

A

Flunarizine

64
Q

Flunarizine parameters

A

10 mg @ HS

65
Q

Vestibular rehabilitation for Vertigo

A

Epley’s maneuver
Semont’s liberation maneuver
Brandt and Daroff

Neuro PT (12 decks)

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