Paralysis Flashcards
Common neurologic sign that can be seen in many neurologic diseases
Paralysis
Implications of paralysis
No functional movements of extremities
Little to no muscle contraction
Abnormal movements
Cause of paralysis
Disruption or damage to any motor pathways
What happens when the anterior horn cell is damaged?
SMA
Tracts responsible for voluntary movement
Corticospinal and Corticobulbar tracts
Responsible for voluntary movement in the head
Corticobulbar tract
Responsible for voluntary muscle contraction of all skeletal muscles
Corticospinal tract
Tracts responsible for involuntary movements
Rubrospinal tract
Reticulospinal tract
Vestibulospinal tract
Track responsible for neck muscles
Vestibulospinal tract
from red nucleus; comes down
and connects to the anterior horn cell
Rubrospinal tract
from reticular formation
Reticulospinal tract
Origin of LMN
Anterior Horn Cell
Cell body for LMN
Anterior Horn Cell
Axon for LMN
Peripheral nn
Where does majority of the corticospinal fibers decussate?
Lower medulla
Clinical presentation of UMNL
Spastic
Hyperreflexia
Positive Babinski
Normal EMG/NCV
Clinical presentation of LMNL
Flaccid
Hyporeflexia/Areflexia
Atrophy
Fasciculations
What structure manages involuntary movements?
Brain stem
assemble the muscles needed to
create the movement ordered by the cortex
Basal ganglia
Where do corticobulbar tracts decussate @
@ the level of the cranial nerve nuclei they go down w
Where does the corticospinal tract start?
Area 4
Where does the corticospinal tract end?
Anterior horn cell
What factor is the predictor of the recovery from paralysis?
Damage to the corticospinal tract
Contracts muscle but not precisely
Crude response
Spasticity is due to
Reflex arc gone berserk and disinhibition of upper motor neurons
