Trauma Flashcards
things falling on the ground
Crushing injuries
usually cause focal damage to
a part of the brain
Penetrating injuries
gunshot wounds
Missile injuries
thrown in vehicular accidents, falls
Acceleration/deceleration
hit a solid object
Deceleration
brain inside the cranium is moving
through space
Acceleration
Pathophysiological mechanisms that cause trauma
Brain contusion
Diffused axonal injury
contusion is directly underneath the
area of trauma
coup lesion
contusion is directly opposite to
the area of trauma
contre coup lesion
clinical manifestations of diffused axonal injury
amnesia/memory loss
behavioral changes
upon trauma, pt loses consciousness within or less than 24 hrs
contusion
upon trauma, pt loses consciousness for more than 24 hrs
concussion
Located in the epidural space and is associated with skull fractures
Acute Epidural Hematoma
Presentation of acute epidural hematoma in CT scan
crescent shape hyper density blood clot
Blood in the subdural space
Subdural hematoma
What happens in an an acute subdural hematoma is
Many veins are involved in rapid filling up.
What happens in an a chronic subdural hematoma is
small number of veins ruptured and slow filling up
Clinical manifestations of subdural hematoma
Increasing headaches
Increased sleeping time
Paralysis
Possible changes in cognition
brain contusion
that develop a bleed, may be found in multiple areas, and can occur anywhere
Intra parenchymal Hematoma
prognosis for intra parenchymal hematoma
the more medial the bleed, the lesser the improvement
the more lateral the bleed, the better the prognosis is
Conservative treatment for subdural and intra parenchymal hematoma
osmotic diuretics
Signs of skull fractures
Raccoon eyes
Rhinorrhea
Battle sign
upper lid has the hematoma
Raccoon eyes
CSF coming out of the nose; tip test
Rhinorrhea
