Vertebral + Column Joint Orientation

Question 1

Upper CS: C0-1 (Atlanto-Occipital Joint)

Answer 1

Osteo: F / E
Arthro: Convex on concave
F: Anterior roll, posterior glide
E: Posterior roll, anterior glide

Question 2

Upper CS: C1-2 (Atlanto-Axial Joint)

Answer 2

Facet orientation: transverse plane
Osteo: Rotation
Arthro:
Ipsilateral: posterior slide
Contralateral: anterior slide

*Coupling: lateral flexion and CL rotation

Question 3

Mid-Lower CS: C2-7

Answer 3

Facet orientation: 45 deg btw T and F planes
Inferior facets of SUP: inferior/anterior/lateral
Superior facets of INF: superior/posterior/medial
Osteo: F/E, lateral F, rotation
Arthro:
F: anterior/superior slide
E: posterior/inferior slide
Lateral F:
-Ipsi.: posterior/inferior slide
-CL: anterior/superior slide
Rotation:
-Ipsi.: posterior/inferior slide
-CL: anterior/superior slide

*Coupling: lateral flexion and CL rotation

Question 4

TS Facet Orientation

Answer 4

Facet Orientation: 60° from transverse plane, 20° frontal plane
Inferior facets of SUP: inferior/anterior/medial
Superior facets of INF: superior/posterior/lateral

Question 5

TS Osteo and Arthro

Answer 5

Flexion: anterior/superior slide
Extension: posterior/inferior slide
Lateral flexion: ipsi posterior/inferior slide
CL anterior/superior slide
Rotation: ipsi posterior/inferior slide
CL anterior/superior slide

Question 6

TS Coupling

Answer 6

Thoracic spine transitions in arthrology cranial to caudal
Cranial: similar to cervical facet orientation
Caudal: similar to lumbar facet orientation
Lateral flexion and rotation:
T1-T6: same direction (ipsilateral)
T7-T12: opposite directions (contralateral)
*little agreement in the research

Question 7

LS Facet Orientation

Answer 7

L1-4 Facet Orientation: biconcave, predominantly favors sagittal plane
L5-S1 Facet Orientation: shifts towards frontal plane more
Inferior facets of SUP: inferior/anterior/lateral
Superior facets of INF: superior/posterior/ medial

Question 8

LS Osteo and Arthro

Answer 8

Flexion: anterior/superior slide
Extension: posterior/inferior slide
Lateral flexion: ipsi posterior/inferior slide
CL anterior/superior slide
Rotation: ipsi distraction or separation
CL compression or approximation

Question 9

LS Coupling

Answer 9

L1-4: opposite (contralateral)
L4-S1: same (ipsilateral)
*little agreement in the research