vertebral column (1)

Question 1

what is type of cartilages is the intervertebral joint made of

Answer 1

upper and lower plates: hyaline cartilage

intervertebral disc between plates is made of hyaline cartilage

Question 2

what is the contents of the nucleus pulposus

Answer 2

large amount of water, collagen fibers, proteoglycans.

Question 3

what are the 2 functions of the intervertebral discs

Answer 3

fluid in nucleus pulposus allows flexion and extension

shock absorbing, when we get older the water gets less therefore becomes thinner

Question 4

what are the 2 ligaments of the intervertebral discs

Answer 4

1. anterior longitudinal ligament

2. Posterior longitudinal ligament

Question 5

what are the ligaments between the vertebral arches

Answer 5

1. Ligamentum flavum
2. Inter- spinous ligament
3. Supra-spinous ligament
4. Inter-transverse ligaments

Question 6

which 2 ligaments make up the ligamentum nuchae

Answer 6

supraspinous and interspinous ligaments

Question 7

how does the vertebral artery travel through the vertebral column

Answer 7

foramen transversarium in their transverse processes for vertebral artery.

Question 8

what is special about the 7th cervical vertebra( vertebra prominens)

Answer 8

the same as the typical vertebrae except:
Its spine is not bifid.
Its spine is long and can be felt subcutaneously in the back of the neck.

Question 9

whats special about the first vertebral vertebra

Answer 9

It has no body (instead anterior arch).

It has no spine (posterior tubercle).

Question 10

what is a special feature of the second vertebra

Answer 10

The body of axis has an upward projection which is called dens (odontoid process).

Question 11

what type of joint is the atlanto-occipital joint

Answer 11

synovial condyloid

Between occipital condyles of skull and the superior articular facets of atlas.

Question 12

there are 2 membranes of the atlanto-occipital joints

Answer 12

Anterior atlanto-occipital membrane

(both attach at either post/ant arch of atlas to ant/post margin of foramen magnum)

Posterior atlanto-occipital membrane

Question 13

what are the 3 synovial joints of the atlantoaxial joints

Answer 13

Median atlantoaxial joint
-rotation of head

Lateral atlantoaxial joints (2 joints)
-flexion and extension of head

Question 14

what does the membrana tectoria cover

Answer 14

It covers the posterior surface of the dense and the apical, alar, and cruciate ligaments.