deep cervical fascia

Question 1

what are the 4 layers of the fascia

Answer 1

Investing layer.
Pre-tracheal layer.
Pre-vertebral layer.
Carotid sheath.

Question 2

what is the site of the investing layer(superficial layer)

Answer 2

It surrounds the neck as a collar.

It is deep to the skin ,superficial fascia and platysma.

Question 3

what are the attachment points of the investing or superficial layer

Answer 3

anteriorly:Symphysis menti of the mandible.
Hyoid bone.

posteriorly:Spine of cervical vertebra 7.
Ligamentum nuchae

Question 4

which layer covers the sterno mastoid and trapezius muscle

Answer 4

investing or superficial layer

Question 5

superiorly what attachments does the investing layer have

Answer 5

External occipital protuberance.
Superior nuchal line.
Mastoid process

Question 6

which glands does the investing layer cover

Answer 6

enclose 2 glands parotid and submandibular glands.

Question 7

what are the inferior attachments of the investing layer

Answer 7

Spine of the scapula.
Acromion process.
Clavicle.
Manubrium sterni.

Question 8

what is the site of the pretracheal fascia

Answer 8

It lies deep to the infra - hyoid muscles anterior to the visceral compartment of the neck.

Question 9

in terms of attachments what is the main function of the pretracheal fascia

Answer 9

Prevents the thyroid from slipping into the thorax.

Causes the thyroid to move up and down with deglutition.

Question 10

what will thyroid swelling cause in the pretracheal fascia

Answer 10

Posterior to thyroid the, pretracheal fascia is weak (bucco-pharyngeal fascia), so thyroid swellings tend to enlarge posteriorly causing compression on esophagus and trachea.

Question 11

superiorly what is the pretracheal fascia attached to

Answer 11

is attached to hyoid bone, oblique line of thyroid cartilage and cricoid cartilage.

Question 12

inferiorly what is the pretracheal fascia attached to

Answer 12

passes in front of trachea to blend with arch of aorta.

Question 13

what is the purpose of the prevertebral fascia

Answer 13

Forms a tubular sheath for the vertebral column and the muscles associated with.

Question 14

what is the anterior and posterior site of the preverterbral fascia

Answer 14

In front of prevertebral muscles.

Posterior to the visceral compartment (contains trachea and esophagus)of the neck.

Question 15

what does the fascia cover in the horizontal plane

Answer 15

• prevertebral muscles

- forms the axillary sheath that surrounds the axillary artert and brachial plexus

Question 16

what are the superior and inferior sites of attachments in the vertical plane

Answer 16

superior- attached to base of the skull

inferior-superior mediastinum and blends with t3

Question 17

what is the retropharyngeal space

Answer 17

space in the neck made of connective tissue

It lies between the bucco- pharyngeal fascia anteriorly and alar fascia posteriorly.

Question 18

clinically why is the retropharyngeal space important

Answer 18

it is important as it prevents the spread of infections from the oral cavity to the thoracic cavity.

this can lead to compression of the airways

Question 19

what is the clinical significance of the danger space

Answer 19

The connection of the danger space to the mediastinum allows for the spread of infections from the oral cavity to the thoracic cavity. Potential life-threatening complications related to infections in the RPS include mediastinitis and airway obstruction

Question 20

where is the carotid sheath located

Answer 20

It surrounds the common carotid and internal carotid arteries, internal jugular vein and vagus nerve.