Vernacular Architecture Flashcards
vernacular architecture
Architecture concerned with domestic and functional rather than public or monumental buildings
vernacular architecture features
Non-high style building
Structures not designed by professionals
Not monumental / un-sophisticated
Earlier in architecture history, historians would ignore these types of structures, seeing them as not architecture
Today is different and we can learn a lot from these buildings
Wigwam
These circular dome-shaped dwellings were made from available bark and saplings lashed together with strips of spruce roots or babiche (rawhide)
Used everything from nature
Wigwam size
small housed two families
Tepee / Tipi
A conical native American home composed of wooden poles and covered
with skins
Tepee / Tipi location
Common in North American Plains
Yurt (central Asia and Mongolia)
Portable circular tent used by nomadic peoples of Central Asia
who used a Yurt
pre/early people of the Ottoman empire
Reason Ottoman empire was so successful
they were used to the quick moving life of travel and war
Yurt material
Made with wool that was turned into felt
felt
non woven fabric
Igloo
Constructed with blocks of snow in the from of a dome
who used Igloos
Inuit people
Matakam Tribal Village (Cameroon)
Multi-room houses composed of separate round huts
Matakam Tribal Village materials
Walls are constructed of mud, with roofs of thatch
Trulli Houses (Italy)
Built with limestone with conical roofs
As the family grew they would add a new unit
Matmata Houses (North Africa)
Underground houses composed of individual cells dedicated for various purposes
Matmata Houses (North Africa) why underground
because of climate
Too hot to build above ground and cool underground
Dwellings at Mesa Verde (Colorado - green table in Spanish)
Cliff Palace
Pueblo people
Peasant’s cottage
England
Peasant’s cottage layout
All one room for everything
Multi-functional open hall (kitchen, dining living)
Lofted space for sleeping quarters
peasant’s cottage roof
Thatched roof
Peasant’s cottage heating
A hearth to warm the interior and to cook
Peasant’s cottage walls
wooden frame and was plastered with wattle and daub (a mixture of mud straw and manure)
Peasant’s cottage floors
straw used for lining the floor
Yurts purpose
just for the interior shelter they provided not sculptural objects
Safranbolu
city Sultan’s son had to be able to rule before gaining the whole empire and has many traditional Turkish housing today
Traditional Turkish house
Interior more important than exterior
Furniture and space planning determines the shell of the building
Interior architecture
the furniture is built-in and melts into the architecture
Is the structure and decorative components all together
Each room works like a house itself
Spaces convert to bedrooms at night
Unity of one room more important than the unity of the whole building
Multi-generational houses with families in each room
Some houses have several rooms with different builders with different styles
Divan
Bed?
Harem
room for women and children
Other male family members can be there just not strangers
Selamlik
room for men to go to and do business
Water basin inside of rooms?
to keep the space cool
Continuous shelf above windows
Place fragrant fruits to make space smell better
wood work with no glue or nails / all done with joints
Kundekari
Turkish room
informal with no specific seating arrangement and care for bodily comfort
Kilim
fabric that doesn’t pile, but is made of wool
Most used textiles so far in Turkish rooms, why?
When the ottomans were nomadic they had sheep and produced wool and other textiles
Safranbolu Asmazlar Konagi exterior
Construction done at different times
Painted white walls
Cumba - bay-like windows
Arab House
courtyard house
how was the Arab house designed for a severe climate
Horizontal and vertical nomadism: inhabitants move within the house and live in the most comfortable spaces in terms of temperature and ventilation. South facing rooms with low ceilings and larger windows (to capture sun) in winter
How was the Arab house different
Closed to the outside, inverted design
ventilation techniques in an Arab house
Wind scoops and wind towers
Hancock Shaker Village
Hancock, New York 1820
First shakers came to America from England in ____ and why?
1774 to seek freedom from religious persecution
Religious beliefs forbade wordly ostentation
Shaker designed favored efficient use of human effort
Simplicity and functional objects/spaces
