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History of Interiors > English Renaissance > Flashcards

English Renaissance Flashcards

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1
Q

English Renaissance

A

Mid 16th-17th Century

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2
Q

Tudor

A

1485-1603

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3
Q

Until Elizabeth I Renaissance was

A

NOT influential

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4
Q

Elizabeth I

A

(1558-1603)

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5
Q

1580’s Elizabeth I decided to make England…

A

the most powerful state in Europe

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6
Q

How did England become powerful

A

Focused on navy, built ships

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7
Q

English country houses

A

emerged as a new type Accepting part of Italian Renaissance in composition

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8
Q

English country houses interior vs exterior

A

Symmetrical exterior & asymmetrical interior
Renaissance exterior & medieval interior

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9
Q

English country houses features

A

Use of hall with strong wood beams and screens
Large windows offer a space that is almost cathedral like
Use of little domes on top of building (Elizabethans liked to use the roof as a space)

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10
Q

Longleat House

A

Wittshire 1568-1580

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11
Q

The Great Hall elements

A

Still looks medieval, but has renaissance elements

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12
Q

what made great hall both medieval and renaissance

A

Wood and white wall construction with more delicate elements
Detailed light carvings
Classical columns and carved figures of humans
Furniture layout is very disciplined, but has lighter elements

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13
Q

Hardwick Hall

A

Derbyshire 1590-1597

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14
Q

Hardwick Hall architect

A

Robert Smytson

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15
Q

Hardwick Hall hierarchy

A

More important levels are taller

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16
Q

Hardwick Hall roof and top floor

A

are social spaces - different from Italy

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17
Q

Hardwick Hall elements

A

Little domes or orioles turned into towers
Towers break up the façade
Vertical and gothic roof line

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18
Q

how are stairs different in england

A

Rains more in England so most interior stairs become grander than exterior

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19
Q

most important room in Hardwick hall

A

High great chamber

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20
Q

Hardwick hall rooms

A

Rooms are defined by colors (blue room, green room, etc.)
Tapestry walls create illusionistic scenes

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21
Q

Hardwick Hall interior vs exterior

A

Disconnect between what the exterior looks like compared to what is actually inside

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22
Q

Libraries at this time

A

Masculine space and design / darker wood spaces with little to no textiles

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23
Q

Long gallery

A

interior space to gather and walk through when raining

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24
Q

long gallery purpose

A

replaces garden / Chance to frame and display artwork to show wealth

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25
Q

What does Britain love

A

Plaster work

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26
Q

English Renaissance Furniture

A

Large, energetic but improper
lighter base heavier top
Turning legs, carvings on legs
Notion of bodily comfort
Upholstery, horse hair, grass, etc. filling

27
Q

Court Cabinet

A

A new piece of furniture: a movable - mobile studiolo
Multiple functions - stationary and storage for most precious objects

28
Q

Court Cabinet features

A

Theme of these pieces were architectural
Carvings mostly decorative, but some are structural

29
Q

four post bed frame

A

Past cultures have kept the columns shapes from ancient times
England changed them for their uses
Excessive use of material
Ex. columns are thicker than they need to be

30
Q

Turkey-Work Chairs textiles

A

Front of chair more decorative because they are lining the wall and the back is covered

31
Q

Cup and cover legs

A

Too much material used / very thick and heavy

32
Q

End of Tudor

A

1603 Elizabeth I dies
James I became the King
Jacobean Period (James I, 1603-1625 & Charles I 1625-1648)

33
Q

Strapwork

A

Series of geometric patterns on the walls.

34
Q

Pargework

A

Elaborate plasterwork which created a continuous low relief on the ceiling

35
Q

Court cupboards

A

buffet

36
Q

Turkey-work

A

Carpets imported from Turkey & Persia were used on top of tables and as upholstery

37
Q

Balustrade

A

Cup & cover bulbous leg continues to be popular

38
Q

Guilloche

A

decorative technique in which a very precise, intricate and repetitive pattern is mechanically engraved into an underlying material`

39
Q

Hatfield House

A

1608

40
Q

Queen’s House

A

1616-1635

41
Q

Queen’s House architect

A

Inigo Jones

42
Q

Inigo Jones

A

Jonas went to Italy and visited Palladio’s buildings
Originally a stage designer, Jonas also designed furniture

43
Q

Queen’s House interior vs exterior

A

Same symmetry in interior and exterior

44
Q

Queen’s House propotion

A

Beautifully proportioned
Windows are placed off-centered: Everything isn’t under control

45
Q

Queen’s House functions

A

Palladio villa outside & functions like a palazzo with open central space

46
Q

Queen’s House Staircase

A

Jones expanded the spiral staircase of medieval manor houses and put a skylight at the top

47
Q

Queen’s House features

A

Busts placed inside as decor
Tuscan columns
Plaster work
Flattened columns along wall
Use of color for each room

48
Q

Banqueting House

A

1619-1622

49
Q

Banqueting House dating help

A

Transitioning into Baroque / look at bigger picture to date

50
Q

Banqueting House architect

A

Inigo Jones

51
Q

Banqueting House features

A

Galleried, symmetrical interior
Ionic half columns & Corinthian pilasters
Italian style ceiling painted by Rubens

52
Q

Wilton House

A

1640’s-1670’s

53
Q

Wilton House architects

A

Inigo Jonas and Isaac de Caus

54
Q

Wilton House looks

A

Baroque rather than Renaissance
The woodwork on the walls are renaissance yet they are more elaborate
Palladian proportions

55
Q

Jacobean Furniture

A

Massive and straight-lined yet lighter than Elizabethan
More elegant ornamental carving

56
Q

Jacobean Furniture material

A

Mostly oak, some walnut

57
Q

Jacobean Furniture details

A

Lathe turnings, spool forms, & spiral twists used for legs and stretchers

58
Q

Jacobean Furniture textiles

A

Increase in use of textiles: Silks, velvet, embroidered Turkey-work, and tapestries

59
Q

Gate-leg table

A

continued to be a popular piece even after James I’s reign

60
Q

Farthingale Chair

A

upholsterer’s chair was introduced in the late 16th century to accommodate exceptionally wide skirts

61
Q

Wainscot / Yorkshire Chair

A

fine chair made of oak
Turned bulbous shape of front legs
Back Is similarly decorated as the wainscoting

62
Q

Cromwell / Cromwellian Chair

A

1640
modified version of the Farthingale chair
Leather back and seat, studded with brass-
headed nails

63
Q

Cromwell / Cromwellian Chair simplicity

A

puritan ideals

History of Interiors (16 decks)

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