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History of Interiors > Islamic Civilizations > Flashcards

Islamic Civilizations Flashcards

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1
Q

The Silk Road

A

Not all architecture related
Traded items and ideas back and forth

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2
Q

Han / Kervansaray

A

Earliest form of hotels on routes
Had to make it there before dark to survive

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3
Q

622

A

Muhammad’s trip from Mecca to Medina

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4
Q

When did Muhammad become a prophet

A

640’s

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5
Q

Important Islamic Empires / Dynasties

A

Ummayad
Abbasid
Fatimid
Ayyubid
Mamluk
Samanids
Ghaznavids
Timurid
Mughal
Safavid
The Great Seljuk
Anatolian Seljuks
Ottomans

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6
Q

Great Mosque of Kairouan

A

Tunisia, 670 (863)

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7
Q

What structural elements affect the interior elements at the Great Mosque of Kairouan

A

Making aisles with columns

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8
Q

Close relationship with architecture and climate

A

Pay attention to how the construction affects how a building feels temp and weather wise

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9
Q

How is the lighting in the Great Mosque of Kairouan

A

Very dark interiors

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10
Q

Turks enter Anatolia

A

1071

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11
Q

First crusaders

A

1095

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12
Q

Ottomans established their beylik

A

1299

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13
Q

Seljuk ruled Anatolia

A

1299

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14
Q

Conquest of Istanbul by Faith Sultan Mehmet

A

1453

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15
Q

mid-1450’s

A

Some historians argue that all artist and philosophers that lived in Constantinople escaped to Italy = starting renaissance

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16
Q

Monumental building types in Islamic Lands

A

Mosque
Kulliye (complex)
Turbe (Mausoleum)
Madrasa (school)
Caravanserai or Han
Hospitals
Palaces
Fountains
Hamam (Bath)

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17
Q

Non-monumental building types in Islamic Lands

A

Dwellings
Mosques
Cemeteries

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18
Q

Interior Components in a Mosque:

A

Mihrab, Minbar, Hunkar Mahfili or maqsura, Dikka, Dikkah or muezzin mahfili, Son cemaat yeri

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19
Q

Mihrab

A

Mihrab (Prayer Niche) on the qibla wall and faces Mecca

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20
Q

Minbar

A

(pulpit)

21
Q

Hunkar Mahfili or maqsura (royal box)

A

(royal box) Where sultan prayed

22
Q

Dikka, Dikkah or muezzin mahfili

A

(raised platform where Koran is chanted)

23
Q

Son cemaat yeri

A

(portico space for late comers)

24
Q

(Arabic) or columnar mosque

A

(with or without a courtyard) and a flat roof

25
Q

Hypostyle with several domes

A

Every 4 columns there is a dome

26
Q

Columnar mosque

A

with a mihrab dome and Mihrab dome for prayer

27
Q

Bursa T type

A

Inverted t type multi-functional with school and public space

28
Q

Ottoman mosque with a great dome

A

Edirne and Istanbul capitals

29
Q

Took ideas from Rome for architecture and how to run a city

A

Ottoman

30
Q

Mimar Sinan

A

Chief Ottoman architect, engineer, and mathematician. Responsible for 300+ major structures . Left home city as child to learn

31
Q

Ibn Tulun Mosque

A

Egypt, 879

32
Q

Ibn Tulun Mosque architecture

A

An example for a columnar mosque with a courtyard

33
Q

Ibn Tulun Mosque disadvantages

A

Interrupted interior space: repetition of columns on a grid
Qibla wall is generally the longer side of the rectangle
This with the column grid makes it difficult for some to see the imam

34
Q

why is it important to see the Imam

A

Imam was the leader that led the prayers
People had to do the same physical motions while praying making it difficult without being able to see well

35
Q

Prayer rug

A

shows an individual’s space for prayer

36
Q

benefits to prayer rug

A

Organizes the space in an orderly way/sense of discipline
Tells humans how to use the interior

37
Q

Sivas Ulu Camii
(The Great Mosque of Sivas)

A

1197
Location: Turkey?

38
Q

Esrefoglu Mosque

A

Beysehir, Turkey 1297

39
Q

Esrefoglu Mosque Architecture

A

Looks like it could be central Asia
Stone walls with wood constructed interior
Very preserved and still has original elements

40
Q

Great Mosque of Xi’an

A

China (7th century) 1368-1398

41
Q

Great Mosque of Xi’an Architecture

A

Displays the continuum of the central context in which it exists
No stylistic relationship to the canons of “Islamic Architecture”
Within cultural context style matters

42
Q

The Great Mosque of Eski Malatya

A

1224
Turkey

43
Q

The Great Mosque of Eski Malatya interior

A

Very dark interiors

44
Q

Konya Ince Minareli Madrasa

A

LOCATION

45
Q

what is the capital of the Selifuk empire

A

Konya

46
Q

Konya Ince Minareli Madrasa plan

A

Bursa T Plan
The inverted T type

47
Q

Konya Ince Minareli Madrasa type

A

Typically Encompassed a zawiye

48
Q

Konya Ince Minareli Madrasa program

A

Multi-functional

49
Q
A

History of Interiors (16 decks)

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