Verb Tenses Flashcards
Actions régulières ou (in)habituelles (always, never, rarely, often)
Simple present
He plays football every Thursday
Actions successives
Simple present
After school Colin goes home, packs his bag, puts on his football shirt and then goes to football training
Vérités générales
Simple present
A forward tries to score goals for his team
Renvoi à un fait à venir (il est certain qu’il aura lieu) , horaire/programme officiel (toujours avec un repère temporel)
Simple present
His training starts at half past four
Verbes d’opinion et de perception
Simple present
Colin likes football
Une action qui est en train de se dérouler au moment où l’on parle
Present continuous
Look! James is taking a picture
Une action planifiée dans un avenir proche; un projet personnel, une intention
Present continuous
He is meeting his friend Brad tonight
Une action temporaire (durée limitée) en cours
Present continuous
Brad is working there as tour guide over the summer
Une situation qui est en train de changer
Present continuous
The town is becoming more and more popular because of its beautiful beaches
Actions uniques ou répétées (habituelles) qui ont lieu dans le passé
Simple past
She showed us where she was from on a map
Actions successives accomplies dans le passé
Simple past
She came in, introduced herself, and began to talk about her country
Avec if Conditionnel 2
Simple past
If I spoke Chinese, I would love to go on holiday to China
Action nouvelle qui interrompt une action en cours dans le passé
Simple past
The school bell suddenly rang while she was talking about her hometown
Action en cours à un moment du passé sans rapport avec le présent
prétérit continu
Lucy was sitting on the beach at six o’clock yesterday.
actions qui se déroulent simultanément dans le passé
prétérit continu
While Lucy was relaxing on the beach, Laurence was sailing.
action en cours de réalisation dans le passé qu’une autre action vient interrompre
Past progressive
Lucy was watching the sunset when Laurence passed by on his boat.
always, every …, never, normally, often, seldom, sometimes, usually,
subordonnée conditionnelle avec if de type I
Simple present
A : He speaks.
N : He does not speak.
I : Does he speak?
at the moment, just, just now, Listen!, Look!, now, right now
Present progressive
A : He is speaking.
N : He is not speaking.
I : Is he speaking?
Yesterday, 2 minutes ago, in 1990, the other day, last Friday
subordonnée conditionnelle avec if de type II (If I talked, …)
Simple past
A : He spoke.
N : He did not speak.
I : Did he speak?
while, as long as
Past progressive
A : He was speaking.
N : He was not speaking.
I : Was he speaking?
already, ever, just, never, not yet, so far, till now, up to now
Present perfect
A : He has spoken.
N : He has not spoken.
I : Has he spoken?
all day, for 4 years, since 1993, how long?, the whole week, lately
Present perfect progressive
A : He has been speaking.
N : He has not been speaking.
I : Has he been speaking?
already, just, never, not yet, once, until that day
subordonnée conditionnelle de type III
Past perfect
A : He had spoken.
N : He had not spoken.
I : Had he spoken?
for, since, the whole day, all day
Past perfect progressive
A : He had been speaking.
N : He had not been speaking.
I : Had he been speaking?
in a year, next …, tomorrow
subordonnée conditionnelle de type I
Supposition : I think, probably, perhaps
Future - will
A : He will speak.
N : He will not speak.
I : Will he speak?
in one year, next week, tomorrow
Future -going to
A : He is going to speak.
N : He is not going to speak.
I : Is he going to speak?
Future progressive
A : He will be speaking.
N : He will not be speaking.
I : Will he be speaking?
by Monday, in a week
Future perfect
A : He will have spoken.
N : He will not have spoken.
I : Will he have spoken?
événement récent qui vient de se produire et qui a une importance actuelle
present perfect simple
He has just scored a goal
action terminée dans le passé qui a une influence sur le moment présent
present perfect simple
He has bought new trainers and now he plays even better than before.
bilan des actions qui ont été effectuées ou non jusqu’au moment où l’on parle
present perfect simple
He has never lost a match.
The referee has not blown the final whistle yet.
The other team has not scored a goal so far.
mettre en valeur une action qui a eu lieu dans un passé proche en insistant sur sa durée, et non son résultat
present perfect continu
Aaron has been changing tyres all morning.
parler d’une action unique commencée dans le passé qui continue dans le présent
present perfect continu
He has been working in this garage for ten years.
parler d’actions répétitives/habituels commencées dans le passé qui continuent dans le présent
present perfect continu
Aaron has been repairing cars since he was sixteen years old.
action antérieure à un moment du passé
past perfect simple
Little Miss Muffet sat on her tuffet after she had made herself some porridge.
She had not eaten much of her porridge when a spider frightened her away.
avec une subordonnée conditionnelle avec if de type III (condition qui n’a pas été remplie dans le passé)
le past perfect simple
If the spider had not frightened her, she would have finished her porridge sitting on her tuffet.
action qui a commencé avant un certain moment du passé et qui a été interrompue par une autre action
past perfect continu
Louise had been practising for hours when Mark knocked on the door.
action qui a commencé et s’est achevée avant un certain moment du passé, mais les conséquences de cette action étaient encore importantes à ce moment précis
past perfect continu
When I saw Louise, she was tired because she had been practising all day.
action qui a commencé avant un certain moment du passé et qui n’est pas achevée à ce moment précis
past perfect continu
She had been practising for a very long time, but she still hadn’t mastered the piece.
une décision prise spontanément
futur simple avec will
Come on, I will help you sort the files
une projection, supposition dans l’avenir
futur simple avec will
You won’t finish it in just one day.
It will rain tomorrow anyway
une promesse
futur simple avec will
I will do it tomorrow.
dans les subordonnées conditionnelles de type I (condition qui va éventuellement se réaliser)
futur simple avec will
If I need help, I will tell you.
action planifiée dans le futur
futur proche avec going to
Mrs Lucky is going to meet a friend in town.
Mrs Lucky is going to meet a friend in town. (formel/à l’écrit)
I’m gonna meet a friend in town. (informel/à l’oral)
conséquence logique dans le futur
futur proche avec going to
The sky is blue - it is not going to rain. So Mrs Lucky is going to leave her umbrella at home.
action qui sera en cours à un moment du futur (insistance sur la durée de l’action)
futur continu avec will be +-ing
In an hour she will be sitting at her table with her friends. They will be talking. They will be playing bingo.
action dont on est certain qu’elle se réalisera (résultat d’une action antérieure ou cours normal des choses)
futur continu avec will be +-ing
And she will be seeing Charles, a good-looking pensioner she met there last week.
action passée dans l’avenir (on se projette dans le futur et on parle d’une action qui sera terminée à ce moment du futur)
future perfect simple
Don’t worry, he will have repaired the bike by then.
supposition sur ce qui a pu se passer
future perfect simple
He will probably have noticed that his bike is broken
mettre en valeur du déroulement d’une action commencée dans le passé jusqu’à un moment du futur. La durée de l’action est mentionnée.
future perfect continu
In ten minutes you will have been driving non-stop for six hours.
exprimer ce que l’on pense qu’il est ou sera en train de se passer à un certain moment dans le futur ou le présent (supposition)
future perfect continu
The cars will have been waiting for hours for the accident to be cleared.
exprimer une supposition dans le passé
future perfect continu
There was an accident last week. The driver won’t have been paying attention to the road signs.
Conditionnel
des vérités générales
conditionnel zéro
If you heat water, it boils.
Conditionnel
des habitudes
conditionnel zéro
If it is warm, I go to the beach
Conditionnel
des règles
conditionnel zéro
Children can ride the rollercoaster if they are over 140cm tall.
Conditionnel
conséquences
conditionnel de type 1
If I take the job at the investment bank, I will make a lot of money.
Conditionnel
avertissements et menaces
conditionnel de type 1
If I don’t decide soon, they will take back their offers.
Conditionnel
négociations
conditionnel de type 1
If you provide more vacation days, I will accept the job.
Conditionnel
superstitions
conditionnel de type 1
If you break that mirror, you will have seven years of bad luck
Conditionnel
donner un conseil
conditionnel de type 2
If I were you, I would go to Europe.
Conditionnel
poser une question hypothétique
conditionnel de type 2
Where would you go if you had six weeks off?
Conditionnel
imaginer une vie différente
conditionnel de type 2
If I lived abroad, I would miss my family a lot.
Conditionnel
s’excuser ou chercher à se justifier
conditionnel de type 2
I’m so sorry, if I didn’t have to work, I would come to your party.
Conditionnel
exprimer un regret
conditionnel de type 3
If I had been smarter, I would have taken more time off!
Conditionnel
faire une remarque ou une critique
conditionnel de type 3
Your party would have been better if you had invited more people.
Conditionnel
formuler une hypothèse concernant un événement passé (ce qui aurait pu se passer si
conditionnel de type 3
If I hadn’t spent a year abroad, I wouldn’t have had so many awesome adventures.
Conditionnel
vérité générale ou action récurrente
J’aide quand j’en ai le temps.
Conditionnel 0
présent simple + présent simple
If I have time, I help.
Probabilité : réalisée
Conditionnel
forte possibilité de réalisation de la condition
Si j’ai du temps, je t’aiderai.
Conditionnel 1
présent simple + will
If I have time, I will help.
Possibilité : forte
Conditionnel
situation hypothétique dans le présent,
impossibilité de réalisation de la condition
Si j’avais du temps, je t’aiderais.
Conditionnel 2
prétérit simple + would
If I had time, I would help.
Possibilité : faible
Conditionnel
condition non réalisable et non réalisée dans le passé, imaginaire
Si j’avais eu du temps, je t’aurais aidé
Conditionnel 3
past perfect + would have
if I had had time, I would have helped.
Possibilité : nulle
to talk about past hypothetical or unreal situations
If something had happened …
… the result would have been true.
Conditionnel #3
past perfect (simple, continuous) +
would/could/might + have + past participle
If you had come to class…
you would have passed the exam.
If he hadn’t been wearing a helmet… he could have died.
to talk about things that are always true or that normally
happen
If something happens … … the result is true.
Conditionnel 0
present (simple, continuous, perfect) + present (simple, continuous, perfect)
If the food is out of date …I don’t eat it.
If I’ve drunk … … I don’t drive.
If you are talking… I can’t concentrate.
to talk about a probable event happening in the future
If something happens … … the result will be true.
Conditionnel #1
present (simple, continuous, perfect) + future, imperative, can, must, might, may
If you study … you will pass the exam.
If he doesn’t call you … tell me immediately.
If you’ve come to class… the exam is going to be easy.
If we win … we’ll be celebrating soon.
to talk about present or future hypothetical or unreal
situations
If something happened …
… the result would be true.
Conditionnel #2
past (simple, continuous) + would/could/might + infinitive
If I won the lottery … I would buy a yatch.
If you weren’t talking …I could concentrate.
If I were you … I might wait before taking a decision.
to talk about a past hypothetical or unreal situation with a present
result
If something had happened …
… the result would be true.
Conditionnel mixtes
past perfect (simple, continuous) + would/could/might + infinitive
If I had won the lottery … now I would be rich.
If I hadn’t been wearing a helmet… I might be dead now.
to talk about a present hypothetical or unreal situation with a past result
If something happened …
the result would have been true.
Conditionnel mixte
past (simple, continuous) +
would/couldimight + have + past participle
If I spoke German more fluently… I mignt not have had such problems.
If I wasn’t a woman … They would have given me the job.
This month, these days, nowadays
Present progressive
Always
Usually
Often / frequently
Rarely /seldom
Hardly ever
Never
Simple present
