Ventilation, Gas Exchange and Acid Base Flashcards
What is “Minute Volume”?
The volume of air entering and leaving the lungs each minute
What is “Tidal Volume”?
The air taken in and out with each breath
What is Minute Volume also known as?
Pulmonary Ventilation
Why is Pulmonary Ventilation > Alveolar Ventilation?
Anatomical dead-space
Physiological dead-space
Dead-space = Vd
Tidal Volume is the sum of two things - what are they?
Tidal Volume = Dead Space + Alveolar Ventilation
TV = Vd + Va
Define “Residual Volume”
The air remaining in the lungs following an expiration
Inspiratory capacity is the sum of two things,,?
Inspiratory Reserve Volume + Tidal Volume
IC = IRV + TV
Expiratory capacity is the sum of two things..?
Expiratory Reserve Volume + Tidal Volume
EC = ERV + TV`
Functional residual capacity is the sum of..?
Expiratory Reserve Volume + Residual Volume
FRC ERV + RV
Total Lung Capacity is the sum of..?
Vital Capacity + Residual Volume
TLC = VC + RV
What two parameters cannot be measured directly by Spirometry?
Residual Volume (RV) Functional Residual Volume (FRV)
The Haemoglobin-Oxygen dissociation curve shifts to the right when there is an increase in..?
- H+
- CO2
- Temperature
- BPG
How is the Foetal Hb-O2 dissociation curve different to Adult Hb-O2 dissociation curve?
More shifted to the left (increased affinity)
What is the Haldane effect?
Deoxyhaemoglobin has a higher affinity for CO2 than Oxyhaemoglobin
What effect does hyperventilation have on CO2?
Causes low CO2 (hypocapnia) and alkalosis
