Development and Gross Organisation of the Vascular System

Question 1

In early development, three paired veins drain into the tubular heart. What are they called?

Answer 1

• Common cardinal veins
• Vitelline veins
• Umbillical veins

Question 2

What is the Bulbus Cordis?

Answer 2

Precursor of the atria

Question 3

What is the embryological derivative of the atrium?

Answer 3

Bulbus Cordis

Question 4

What structure lies superior to the Bulbos cordis and inferior to the two veins?

Answer 4

Truncus arterosus

Question 5

What is Dextrocardia?

Answer 5

A congenital condition where the heart points towards the right side, not the left

Question 6

What is the embryological derivative of the heart septum dividing the atria from the ventricles?

Answer 6

Endocardial cushion

Question 7

What is the septum primum?

Answer 7

Embryological derivative of the septum dividing the R and L atria

Question 8

The Septum Primum migrates inferiorly towards the Endocardial cushion to seal the R and L atria, however doesn’t quite seal it.. What happens?

Answer 8

A foramen primum is formed, followed by a foramen secundum.

The foramen primum is however later sealed up, but the foramen secundum enlarges.

Question 9

After the foramen primum is sealed and the foramen secundum enlarges, a structure grows to cover up the foramen secundum. What is it called?

Answer 9

Septum secundum

Question 10

How is the Tetraology of Fallot caused?

Answer 10

Unequal division of the Truncus Arteriosis