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Haematology > Venous thrombosis > Flashcards

Venous thrombosis Flashcards

1
Q

arterial thrombotic events

A

coronary
cerebra al
peripheral

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2
Q

venous thrombotic events

A

DVT

PE

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3
Q

arterial thrombosis

A

high pressure system
atherosclerosis - main underlying problem
platelet rich thrombosis

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4
Q

treatment of arterial thrombosis

A

aspirin
other anti platelets
modify risk factors

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5
Q

venous thrombosis

A

low pressure system
platelets not activated
anti coag cascade - rich in fibrin clot

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6
Q

causes of venous thrombosis

A

virchows triad - stasis, vessel wall, hypercoagubility

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7
Q

treatment of venous thrombosis

A

heparin/warfarin/new oral anti coags

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8
Q

DVT signs

A

hot
swollen
tender leg
pitting oedema

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9
Q

PE signs

A 
pulmonary infarction 
pleuritic chest pain 
CVS collapse/death 
hypoxia 
right heart strain
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10
Q

VTE risk

A

lifetime risk 2.5%

more common in elderly

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11
Q

RF for venous thromboembolism

A 
age 
obesity 
preg
puerperium
oestrogen therapy
pre DVT/PE
trauma
surgery
malig
paralysis
infection
thrombophilia
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12
Q

thrombophilia is what

A

familial or acquired disorders of the haemostatic mechanism which are likely to predispose to thrombosis

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13
Q

mechanisms of thrombophilia

A

increased coag activity - platelet plug formation, fibrin clot formation
decreased fibrinolytic activity
decreased anticoagulant activity

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14
Q

hereditary thrombophilias

A

group of genetic defects - increased tendency to develop premature, unusual and recurrent thromboses

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15
Q

what defic in hereditary thrombophilia

A 
factor 5 mutation - leiden
PT 20210 mutation
antithrombin defic
protein C defic
protein s defic
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16
Q

hereditary thrombophilia screening

A 
venus thrombosis <45yo
recurrent VT
unusual VT
FH of VT
FH of thrombophilia
17
Q

management of hereditary thrombophilia

A

advice on risks
short term prophylaxis for known risks
short term anti coag for thrombotic events
long term anti coag if recurrent thrombotic events

18
Q

risk of recurrent thrombosis

A

history of prev thrombosis
spontaneous rather than risk related
FH
thrombophilia screen results

19
Q

acquired thrombophilia

A

anti phospholipid syndrome

20
Q

features of anti phos

A

recurrent thromboses - arterial including TIAS, venous
recurrent fetal loss
mild thrombocytopenia

21
Q

pathology of anti phos

A

ABs lead to a conformational change in beta2 glycoprotein 1 which leads to activation of both primary and secondary haemostasis and vessel wall abnormalities

22
Q

Anti phos ABs

A

lupus anticoagulants

have specificty for anionic phospholipids and which prolong phospholipid dependant coagulation tests in vitro

23
Q

conditions assoc with anti phos ABs

A

AI disorders
lymphoproliferative disorders
viral infections
drugs

24
Q

treatment of anti phos

A

aspirin

warfarin

Haematology (26 decks)

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