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Hematology Laboratory > Venipuncture > Flashcards

Venipuncture Flashcards

1
Q

It is the collection of blood from veins.

A

Venipuncture

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2
Q

Venipuncture is typically performed by:

A

Registered Medical Technologist
Phlebotomist

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3
Q

Venous blood is preferred for most Hematological Examination because:

A
  1. It is easier and more convenient and adequate volume of blood suitable for a variety of test.
  2. Offers the fastest method of collecting sample from a large number of patients.
  3. Allow the test to be repeated.
  4. It also allows the performance of additional test that may be requested.
  5. It reduces the possibility of error resulting from the dilution with tissues juices or constriction of skin vessels.
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4
Q

Three General Methods of Venous Blood Collection:

A
  1. Syringe Method
  2. ETS method
  3. Butterfly Infusion Method
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5
Q

Material needed for the Syringe Method of Venipuncture:

A

Sterile Syringe
Tourniquet
Alcohol Swab
Tube Holder

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6
Q

Material needed for the Evacuated Tube System Method of Venipuncture:

A

Gauze Pad
Alcohol Swab
Evacuated Tubes (Adaptor and 2-way Needle)
Micropore Tape

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7
Q

Write down the step-by-step Venipuncture Procedure:

A
  1. Identify the patient by having the patient verbally state his/her full name and confirm with the patient’s identification number (ID band or any valid ID).
  2. Verify any diet restrictions.
  3. Prepare all materials so that they are within your reach at the time of blood extraction.
  4. Position the patient.
  5. Apply the tourniquet 3 to 4 inches above the selected puncture site for no longer than 1 minute.
  6. Ask the patient to make a fist. This makes the vein more easily palpable.
  7. Select a suitable vein for puncture.
  8. Cleanse the area with 70% alcohol using concentric circles, working from the inside to outside
  9. Allow the area to dry.
  10. Inspect the needle. Check if the needle is not clogged by moving the plunger of the syringe up and down forcing air through the needle.
  11. Grasp the patient’s arm 1 to 2 inches below the puncture site. This anchors the vein and prevents it from rolling.
  12. Align the needle in the same direction as the vein. The needle should be in the bevel up position. (Needle opening facing upward)
  13. Using one deliberate, smooth motion, insert the needle in the same direction as the vein at approximately 15°-30° angle with the skin.
  14. Withdraw the desires volume of the blood for the examination to be performed when the needle enters the vein. Pull the plunger gently during aspiration.
  15. Remove the tourniquet and ask the patient to open his fist.
  16. Apply dry cotton lightly over the punctured site and withdraw the needle.
  17. Remove the needle from the syringe and fill the tubes.
  18. Label the tubes properly. (Patient’s full name, age, gender, date and time of collection and collector’s initials.)
  19. Dispose the puncture equipment and other biohazardous wastes.
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8
Q

Where do we apply the tourniquet?

A

3 to 4 inches (7.5-10 cm) above the selected puncture site for no longer than 1 minute

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9
Q

First Choice of vein:

A

Median Cubital Vein

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10
Q

Second Choice of Vein:

A

Cephalic Vein

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11
Q

Third Choice of Vein:

A

Basilic Vein

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12
Q

What do we use in cleansing the site of puncture and what is the motion of cleansing?

A

70% alcohol in concentric circles, working from the inside to outside

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13
Q

The needle should be in the bevel (up or down) position.

A

Bevel up

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14
Q

Preferred angle of insertion of needle:

A

15°-30° angle

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15
Q

What is written on the Label of the tubes after collecting and transferring blood?

A

Patient’s Full Name
Age
Gender
Date of Collection
Time of Collection
Collector’s Initials

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16
Q

Needle gauges that are routinely used:

A

19, 20, 21 G

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17
Q

What is the common needle gauge used?

A

20 G Needle

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18
Q

According to Rodak, what is the preferred gauge of needle?

A

21 G

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19
Q

Length of needle:

A

1-1.5 inch

20
Q

Identify the Color of Hub:

18 G

A

Pink

21
Q

Identify the Color of Hub:

21 g

A

Green

22
Q

Identify the Color of Hub:

22 G

A

Black

23
Q

Identify the Color of Hub:

23 G

A

Blue or Light Blue

24
Q

Local Immediate Complication of Venipuncture:

A
  1. Hemoconcentration
  2. Failure of the blood to enter the syringe
25
Q

Local Delayed Complications:

A

Hematoma
Thrombosis of the vein
Thrombophlebitis

26
Q

General Delayed Complication of Venipuncture:

A

HIV
Hepatitis

27
Q

Oder of Draw for Venipuncture:

A
  1. Blood culture tube (yellow stopper)
  2. Coagulation tube (light blue stopper)
  3. Serum tube with or without activator (red, gold, red-gray marbled, orange, or yellow-gray stopper)
  4. Heparin tube (green or light green stopper)
  5. EDTA tube (lavender or pink stopper)
  6. Sodium fluoride with or without EDTA or oxalate (gray stopper)
28
Q

Identify what Step Number:

Identify the patient by having the patient verbally state his/her full name and confirm with the patient’s identification number (ID band or any valid ID).

A

Step 1

29
Q

Identify what Step Number:

Verify any diet restrictions.

A

Step 2

30
Q

Identify what Step Number:

Prepare all materials so that they are within your reach at the time of blood extraction.

A

Step 3

31
Q

Identify what Step Number:

Position the patient.

A

Step 4

32
Q

Identify what Step Number:

Apply the tourniquet 3 to 4 inches above the selected puncture site for no longer than 1 minute.

A

Step 5

33
Q

Identify what Step Number:

Ask the patient to make a fist. This makes the vein more easily palpable.

A

Step 6

34
Q

Identify what Step Number:

Select a suitable vein for puncture.

A

Step 7

35
Q

Identify what Step Number:

Cleanse the area with 70% alcohol using concentric circles, working from the inside to outside.

A

Step 8

36
Q

Identify what Step Number:

Allow the area to dry.

A

Step 9

37
Q

Identify what Step Number:

Inspect the needle. Check if the needle is not clogged by moving the plunger of the syringe up and down forcing air through the needle.

A

Step 10

38
Q

Identify what Step Number:

Grasp the patient’s arm 1 to 2 inches below the puncture site. This anchors the vein and prevents it from rolling.

A

Step 11

39
Q

Identify what Step Number:

Align the needle in the same direction as the vein. The needle should be in the bevel up position. (Needle opening facing upward)

A

Step 12

40
Q

Identify what Step Number:

Using one deliberate, smooth motion, insert the needle in the same direction as the vein at approximately 15°-30° angle with the skin.

A

Step 13

41
Q

Identify what Step Number:

Withdraw the desires volume of the blood for the
examination to be performed when the needle enters the vein. Pull the plunger gently during aspiration.

A

Step 14

42
Q

Identify what Step Number:

Remove the tourniquet and ask the patient to open his fist.

A

Step 15

43
Q

Identify what Step Number:

Apply dry cotton lightly over the punctured site and
withdraw the needle.

A

Step 16

44
Q

Identify what Step Number:

Remove the needle from the syringe and fill the tubes.

A

Step 17

45
Q

Identify what Step Number:

Label the tubes properly. (Patient’s full name, age,
gender, date and time of collection and collector’s
initials.)

A

Step 18

46
Q

Identify what Step Number:

Dispose the puncture equipment and other biohazardous wastes.

A

Step 19

Hematology Laboratory (12 decks)

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