Vasodilators and Angina Flashcards
Test 2
What is vascular tone?
Smooth muscle being in a continuously partially contracted state
What is the primary vascular tone?
Arterial
What are the 2 functions of our venous system?
- Conduct blood back to the heart
- Reservoir for blood volume
How much blood does our venous system hold?
70% of blood volume
20-30% in splanchnic bed
What is angina pectoris?
Chest pain d/t accumulation of metabolites from myocardia ischemia
What provides immediate relief from angina?
Nitroglycerin
What are prophylaxis for angina?
CCB
Beta blockers
Describe classic/stable angina
O2 deficit bc require increases
Cause: Plaque
Ex) exercise
Needs more O2
Describe Variant Angina
Coronary vasospasm
“Prinzmetal angina”
Hard to treat
Tx: Nitrates, CCB
Describe Unstable Angina
“Angina at rest”
Cause: Small clots in vicinity
Emergency
Tx: Nitroglycerin
Describe Coronary Blood Flow
No flow during systole
Perfused during diastole
Drugs: Nitroglycerin
Nitrate
NO release in vascular smooth muscle
- Activates guanylyl cyclaces
- Guanylyl cyclase activates GTP to produce cGMP
- Removes phosphate from MLCK
- Relaxation of vascular smooth muscle
sublingual
Low oral bioavailability
E: Kidneys
What is Amyl Nitrite?
Inhaled Nitrite
Concerns with overexposure to nitrates and nitrites
Hemoglobin interactions (methemoglobin)
Reflex tachycardia
Orthostatic hypotension, syncope, HA
Tolerance
What does overexposure to Nitrates/nitrites do to blood?
Makes Hgb less likely to bind to O2 d/t formation of methemoglobin
