vasculitis Flashcards
1
Q
what is giant cell arteritis
A
inflammation of the temporal artery that can result in blindness due to ischaemic optic neuritis
2
Q
Takayasu’s is most common in
A
women > 40 (especially in Japan)
3
Q
Takayasu’s risk factors
A
- stroke
- dissection
- aortic valve disease
- ischaemic heart disease
4
Q
what is Takayasu’s
A
vasculitis that affects the aorta and its main branches
5
Q
Takayasu’s pathophysiology
A
- hypertension
- claudication
- weak arm pulses
- blood pressure differences between extremities
6
Q
Takayasu’s diagnosis
A
- increased inflammatory markers
- angiography of the aorta
7
Q
Takayasu’s management
A
- oral steroids
- blood pressure control to reduce the risk of stroke
8
Q
polyarteritis nodosa presentation
A
- purpura
- punched out ulcers
- renal failure
- associated with hepatitis B
9
Q
most common artery affected in polyarteritis nodosa
A
renal artery (causes proteinuria and hypertension)
10
Q
Kawasaki disease is most common in
A
kids (childhood version of polyarteritis nodosa)
11
Q
Kawasaki disease presentation
A
- strawberry tongue
- dry, red cracked lips
- swollen glands in the neck
- high temperature that lasts for > 5 days
- swollen and red hands and feet
- red eyes
- red inside the mouth and at the back of the throat
12
Q
granulomatosis with polyangiitis is also known as
A
Wegner’s
13
Q
Wegner’s is most common in
A
men
14
Q
Wegner’s presentation
A
- chronic sinusitis
- epistaxis
- nasal crusting
- cough and haemoptysis
- saddle nose (due to nasal cartilage collapse)
- deafness
- joint pain
- haematuria
- proteinuria
15
Q
Wegner’s diagnosis
A
- immunology showing cANCA and PR3
- urinalysis
- possible renal biopsy
