skeletal tumours

Question 1

osteochondromas are most common in

Answer 1

< 20

Question 2

what is an osteochondroma

Answer 2

• most common benign tumour
• tumour of chondrocytes

Question 3

most common areas affected by osteochondroma

Answer 3

• knee
• proximal femur
• proximal humerus

Question 4

osteochondroma diagnosis

Answer 4

radiology (seen as bony spur growing off the bone)

Question 5

osteochondroma management

Answer 5

surgery

Question 6

osteoid osteomas are most common in

Answer 6

boys < 20

Question 7

what is an osteoid osteoma

Answer 7

tumour of osteoblasts

Question 8

osteoid osteoma presentation

Answer 8

intense pain that is worse at night and relieved by NSAIDs

Question 9

osteoid osteoma diagnosis

Answer 9

CT (metaphysis of long bones, lesions usually central)

Question 10

osteoid osteoma management

Answer 10

resolve over time or with surgery

Question 11

giant cell tumours are most common in

Answer 11

women 25-40

Question 12

giant cell tumour diagnosis

Answer 12

radiology (soap bubble appearance at epiphysis or metaphysis of long bones, especially knee and wrist)

Question 13

giant cell tumour management

Answer 13

curettage or resection

Question 14

osteosarcomas are most common in

Answer 14

men < 25

Question 15

what tumour can develop secondary to Paget’s in older patients

Answer 15

osteosarcoma

Question 16

what are osteosarcomas

Answer 16

• most common bone tumour
• tumour of osteoblasts

Question 17

osteosarcoma diagnosis

Answer 17

radiology (sunray appearance of metaphysis of long bones, especially around knee)

Question 18

osteosarcoma management

Answer 18

• combination of chemotherapy and surgery
• resistant to radiotherapy

Question 19

chondrosarcomas are most common in

Answer 19

middle aged patients

Question 20

what are chondrosarcomas

Answer 20

tumours of chondrocytes

Question 21

chondrosarcoma: diagnosis

Answer 21

radiology (popcorn calcification at axial skeleton, especially around proximal femur or pelvis)

Question 22

chondrosarcoma management

Answer 22

surgery

Question 23

Ewing’s sarcomas are most common in

Answer 23

adolescent men

Question 24

what are Ewing’s sarcomas

Answer 24

primitive round cell neuro-ectodermal tumour

Question 25

Ewing’s sarcoma presentation

Answer 25

warm swelling and associated raised inflammatory markers

Question 26

Ewing’s sarcoma diagnosis

Answer 26

radiology (onion ring sign)

Question 27

Ewing’s sarcoma management

Answer 27

combination of chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery

Question 28

most common locations for bone metastasis

Answer 28

• prostate
• breast
• small cell lung
• kidney
• thyroid

Question 29

what is Mirel’s score

Answer 29

scoring system used to identify patients with malignant bone tumours that are at high risk of fracture and would therefore benefit from prophylactic internal fixation

Question 30

factors used in Mirel’s score

Answer 30

• site
• location
• size
• lytic/sclerotic

Question 31

what does Mirel’s score > 8 suggest

Answer 31

benefit from internal fixation