Vasculature MD3 Flashcards
Subclavian aa
R branches off brachiocephalic trunk, L branches off aortic arch
- branches include: thyrocervical, internal thoracic, vertebral, costocervical, dorsal scapular
- becomes the axillary aa after passing rib 1
Suprascapular aa
from thyrocervical aa (subclavian aa)
passes over suprascapular ligament (over scapular notch)
supplies supraspinatus? as well as various other sites
Axillary aa
subclavian aa becomes axillary aa after passing rib 1
axillary aa becomes brachial aa after passing lower border of teres major
3 segments split up by pec minor (1 medial, 2 posterior, 3 lateral)
1- superior thoracic
2- thoracoacromial, lateral thoracic
3- subscapular, ant & post circumflex humeral
Superior Thoracic aa
- branch off 1st segment of axillary aa
- supplies 1st & 2nd intercostal spaces, superior portion of serratus anterior
Thoracoacromial aa
- 2nd segment (first branch) of axillary aa
- 4 branches: pectoral, deltoid, acromial, clavicular
Lateral Thoracic aa
2nd segment (second branch) of axillary aa
- supplies lateral structures of thorax & breast (serratus ant, pec major, intercostals)
- runs along with long thoracic nn?
Anterior & Posterior Circumflex Humeral aa
- 3rd segment of axillary aa
- encircle surgical neck of humerus anastomosing laterally, larger posterior branch located in quadrangular space
- anterior supplies shoulder
- posterior supplies GH joint, deltoid, teres major & minor, long head of triceps?
Subscapular aa
- 3rd segment of axillary aa
- divides into circumflex scapular (supplies dorsal scapular muscles) and thoracodorsal (supplies lats)
Circumflex Scapular aa
- branch off subscapular aa
- supplies dorsal scapular muscles
- travels through triangular space/medial triangular space
- anastomoses with suprascapular aa in infraspinous fossa
Thoracodorsal aa
- branches off subscapular aa
- supplies latissimus dorsi
Basilic vv
drains to axillary vv, which drains to subclavian vv
superficial
drains arm, forearm, hand
sometimes used in AV fistula creation for hemodialysis
Cephalic vv
communicates w/ basilic vv via median cubital vv
runs through deltopectoral groove to drain into axillary vv
used for IV access
superficial
drains hand, forearm, arm
Deep artery of arm/Profunda brachii aa
branch off of brachial aa just below teres major,
runs w/ radial nn along radial groove in posterior humerus
supplies deltoid and triceps brachii
Brachial aa
anterior compartment
name change from axillary aa after teres major
runs w/ median nn
splits into radial & ulnar aa
supplies biceps & triceps brachii, coracobrachialis (major artery of arm)
Ulnar aa
bifurcation of brachial aa
-> common interosseus, dorsal & palmar carpal, primarily superficial palmar arch (some deep)
Radial aa
bifurcation of brachial aa
branches: radial recurrent, primarily deep palmar arch (some superficial), dorsal & palmar carpal
Common Interosseous aa
branch off ulnar aa just after radial tuberosity, splits into anterior & posterior interosseus aa
Posterior Interosseous aa
branch off of common interosseus aa (ulnar aa)
runs posterior to interosseous membrane, then distally b/w superficial & deep posterior forearm muscles supplying extensors
Superficial & Deep Palmar Arches
superficial mainly supplied by ulnar aa, deep mainly by radial aa
superficial arch is more distal, while deep is more proximal
-the two anastomose
Common Palmar Digital aa
branches off superficial palmar arch (ulnar aa)
three arteries pass distally onto lumbricals
Proper Palmar Digital aa
2 branches off of each common palmar digital aa
run along sides of 2-5th phalanges to supply skin of fingers and finger tips
Perforating branches/aa
branches off of deep palmar arch (radial nn)
three branches cross b/w 2-4th interosseous spaces to anastomose w/ dorsal metacarpal aa
Femoral Artery
continuation of external iliac aa after inguinal ligament, thru femoral triangle, into adductor canal
- femoral pulse inferior to midpoint of inguinal ligament
- vulnerable to injury d/t superficial position in triangle
branches:
superficial epigastric (upward superficially to umbilicus)
superficial circumflex iliac (lateral, parallel to inguinal ligament)
superficial external pudendal (-> scrotum)
deep femoral (profunda femoris): off of femoral aa in triangle, descends in front of pectineus but behind adductor magnus, gives rise to medial & lateral femoral circumflex aa, supplies adductor magnus & hamstring in adductor canal
Anterior Tibial aa.
originates from popliteal aa, runs through interosseus membrane, becomes dorsal aa of the foot
-supplies Tom Dick Harry (tibialis anterior, extensord digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus) & peroneus tertius (anterior compartment of leg)
Perforating Branches of Anterior Tibial & Peroneal aa
supply lateral compartment of leg (peroneus longus & brevis)
Posterior Tibial aa
continuation of popliteal aa
splits into peroneal aa (supplies popliteus & lateral compartment of leg)
runs deep to flexor retinaculum, supplies posterior compartment & foot (splits into medial & lateral plantar)
Dorsal Artery of Foot
branch off of anterior tibial aa,
supplies forefoot, “dorsalis pedis”
runs anterior and b/w malleoli & EHL & EDL, inferior to ext retinaculum
Lateral Tarsal aa
branch off dorsal aa, inferior to EDB (supplies it along w/ tarsals & joints)
Arcuate aa
along bases of metatarsals 2-4 via dorsal metatarsal aa. (1st dorsal metatarsal aa supplies 1st digit)
Plantar Artery of Foot
branch off of posterior tibial aa.
runs deep to abductor hallucis
splits into medial & lateral plantar aa.
medial plantar aa.
supplies muscles of great toe, skin on medial side
lateral plantar aa.
runs b/w FDB & QP
gives rise to deep plantar arch across tarsals, supplies muscles, skin, fascia of sole of foot
Arteries Near Hip Joint
Medial & Lateral Circumflex Femoral aa
-off deep femoral aa (branch of femoral aa)
Artery to head of femur
Popliteal aa
- continuation of femoral aa after adductor hiatus (adductor magnus) running to popliteal fossa
- splits into anterior & posterior tibial aa after popliteus muscle
- superior lateral & medial genicular
-inferior lateral & medial genicular
-descending genicular
-branch off femoral aa just prior to adductor hiatus, splits into an articular branch (anastomosis around knee) & saphenous branch (skin of medial knee)
Branches of popliteal aa
popliteal aa splits into anterior & posterior tibial aa after popliteus muscle
- anterior tibial (anterior leg)
- posterior tibial (posterior leg (superficial calf, deep calf, plantar foot via lateral & medial plantar aa.))
peroneal aa branches off of posterior tibial
-supplies the lateral leg (peroneus longus & brevis)
overview of lower extremity aa
