Landmarks MD3

Question 1

Quadrangular Space

Answer 1

houses the axillary nerve & posterior circumflex humeral artery

borders:

superior- teres minor

inferior-teres major

medial- long head of triceps

lateral- humerus/lateral head of triceps

Question 2

Triangular Space

Answer 2

“medial triangular space”

houses the circumflex scapular artery

borders:

superior-teres minor

inferior- teres major

lateral- long head of triceps

Question 3

Triangular Interval

Answer 3

“lateral triangular space”

houses radial nerve & profunda brachii artery (deep artery of arm)

borders:

superior- teres major

medial- long head of triceps

lateral- lateral head of triceps

Question 4

Cubital Triangle

Answer 4

“cubital fossa”

triangular space on the anterior surface of the elbow joint

contents:

brachial artery bifurcates into radial & ulnar arteries @ apex of cubital fossa

biceps tendon, median nerve

radial nerve (often considered part of cubital triangle) passes under brachioradialis & over brachialis

borders:

superior: imaginary line between medial & lateral epicondyles of humerus
lateral: brachioradialis muscle
medial: pronator teres muscle
floor: brachialis & supinator muscles

Question 5

Femoral Triangle

Answer 5

Borders:

superior- inguinal ligament

medial- adductor longus

lateral- sartorius

floor- iliopsoas & pectineus

Contains: (from lateral to medial) femoral nerve, artery, vein, lymphatics (deep inguinal lymph nodes)

• Femoral Sheath: extension of fascia contains femoral aa., vv., & femoral canal
• Femoral Ring: abdominal opening of femoral canal
• Femoral Canal: medial to femoral vv (contains lymphatics)

Question 6

Femoral Hernia

Answer 6

• Femoral ring & canal is a weak point, susceptible to herniation
• weak anterior abdominal muscles allow intestines to herniate through femoral ring into canal
• can enlarge by passing through the saphenous opening in the anterior thigh

Question 7

Adductor Canal

Answer 7

mid 1/3 of thigh (from apex of femoral triangle to adductor hiatus), “Hunter’s Canal”

Borders:

Ant/Lat: vastus medialis

medial: sartorius
posterior: adductor longus & magnus

Contains: femoral aa & vv, saphenous nn

-transmits them to adductor hiatus, then they continue to popliteal fossa

Question 8

Tom Dick ANd Harry

Answer 8

Tibialis posterior, flexor Digitorum longus, posterior tibial Artery & Nerve, flexor Hallucis longus