Fascia/Connective Tissue MD3

Question 1

Brachial Fascia

Antebrachial Fascia

Bicipital Aponeurosis

Answer 1

bicipital aponeurosis reinforces the cubital fossa & protects the brachial aa & median nn esp. during venipuncture

Question 2

Annular ligament of Radius

Answer 2

keeps radius in the radial notch of ulna

Question 3

Transverse Humeral ligament

Answer 3

runs from greater to lesser tubercle

encloses tendon of long head of biceps in the intertubercular groove

Question 4

Interosseus Membrane

Answer 4

separates ant. & post. forearm compartments, transfers forces b/w radius, ulna, humerus, attachment site of forearm muscles

Question 5

Flexor Retinaculum

Palmar Carpal Ligament

Answer 5

Palmar Carpal Ligament: thickening of antebrachial fascia @ wrist, covering palmaris longus tendon, ulnar aa & nn

Flexor Retinaculum: roof of carpal tunnel w/ median nn, from triquetrum, pisiform & hook of hamate to trapezium & scaphoid, origin of thenar eminence muscles, ulnar nn & aa run above it

Question 6

Carpal Tunnel

Answer 6

Roof: flexor retinaculum, Floor: carpal bones

transmits median nn, tendons of flexor pollicis longus, flexor digitorum profundus & superficialis

Question 7

Palmar Aponeurosis

Answer 7

protects superficial palmar arterial arch, long flexor tendons, palmar digital nn

Question 8

Extensor Retinaculum

Answer 8

holds extensor muscle tendons in place

Question 9

Radial Collateral Ligament

Ulnar Collateral Ligament

Answer 9

RCL (wrist): styloid process of radius to scaphoid

UCL (wrist): styloid process of ulna to pisiform & triquetrum

Question 10

Vincula Longus & Brevis

Answer 10

attach FDP & FDS tendons to phalanges

Question 11

Suprascapular Ligament/Transverse Scapular Ligament

Answer 11

turns scapular notch into a foramen

suprascapular nn runs under it, suprascapular aa runs above it

Question 12

Glenoid Labrum

Answer 12

connective tissue around rim of glenoid cavity providing more area for humeral head

Question 13

Axillary Sheath

Answer 13

fibrous sheath surrounding and protecting brachial plexus, axillary aa & vv

Question 14

Superior & Inferior Extensor Retinaculum

Answer 14

Question 15

Superior & Inferior Peroneal Retinaculum

Answer 15

Question 16

Ligaments of Hip

Answer 16

Iliofemoral

-strongest, Y shaped

Pubofemoral

Ischiofemoral

• weakest
• wind up and prevents hip extension

Ligament of the head of the femur

-weak support, transmits blood vessel to head of femur

Question 17

Extracapsular Ligaments of Knee

Answer 17

Patellar lig.

-continuation of quadriceps tendon, used in ACL reconstruction

Medial Collateral lig.

-weak, flat band, prevents valgus stress

Lateral Collateral lig.

-cord like, prevents varus stress

Arcuate Popliteal lig.

Oblique Popliteal lig.

-prevents hyperext & lateral rotation of knee

Question 18

Intraarticular Ligaments of Knee

Answer 18

Anterior Cruciate Lig.

-weaker, less blood supply, prevents anterior translation of tibia vs femur, prevents internal rotation of femur vs tibia, prevents hyperextension

Posterior Cruciate Lig.

-stronger, prevents posterior translation of tibia, prevents hyperflexion

Question 19

Mensici

Answer 19

crescent shaped plates of fibrocartilage involved in shock absorption

medial meniscus

larger, less mobile, more injured

lateral meniscus

smaller, more mobile, less injured

transverse lig. of knee

attaches to anterior of both menisci, keeps them together during movement

Question 20

Ankle Ligaments

Answer 20

Medial (Deltoid) lig.

-anterior & posterior tibiotalar, tibiocalcaneal, tibionavicular

-resists overeversion, supports medial longitudinal arch

Lateral lig.

-anterior & posterior talofibular, calcaneofibular

-prevents inversion (ankle sprain)

Question 21

Spring Ligament (Plantar Calcaneonavicular) lig.

Question 22

Answer 22

transverse acetabular lig. -> ligamentum teres

lunate surface (articulates w/ head of femur)