Varibles

Question 1

What are co variables

Answer 1

Measurements that have been made that are compared to see if they are associated

Question 2

How does a correlational study work

Answer 2

• 2 measure co varibles are assessed for a relationship
• direction of the relationship between 2 co variables can be described

Question 3

What is a positive relationship in correlational studies

Answer 3

When one co variable increases and so does the other

Question 4

Negative relationship in correlational studies

Answer 4

Measurement of one cor varibles increase the measurement of the other decrease

Question 5

Independent varible

Answer 5

• Variables researcher manipulates
• forms conditions of the experiment

Question 6

Dependant variables

Answer 6

• what u are measuring

Question 7

Operationalised

Answer 7

Sustains exactly what the variable is and how it is to be measured

Question 8

Extraneous varible

Answer 8

• Any variable that could influence the measurement of the DV

Question 9

Demand characteristics

Answer 9

• of the ptp thinks they have discovered the aim, the may change their behaviour to match what they think the researcher wants

Question 10

Participant variables

Answer 10

In an Independent group if there are more people with relevant characteristics, prior knowledge or skills related to the task it can result in a different performance between conditions unrelated to IV

Question 11

Situational varibles

Answer 11

• environmental factors present in one condition but not the other condition that could lead to a change in behaviour between the conditions
• related to temp, noise, usual diffenreces

Question 12

Order effect

Answer 12

Eg Repeated measures
- ptps has already completed one condition can alter behaviour in the second condition
-due to practise/fatigue

Question 13

Confounding variables

Answer 13

• Varible other than IV that changes systematically between levels of IV
• changing IV you will also change the confounding variable
• hides IVS true effect o the DV as researcher measuring the confounding variable in addition to the IVS

Question 14

How to reduced ptp variable’s

Answer 14

Random allocation
- removes potential bias in assigning more ptpt with relevant characteristics into one condition

Question 15

How to reduce order effect

Answer 15

Counter balancing
- ABBA
- half ptps complete condition a than b
- other half complete condition b than a
- this means order effect eg practise influences each condition equally

Question 16

how to reduce situational varibles

Answer 16

Standardisation of procedure
- script of standardised instructions Tat is red in the same way to each ptp
- standardising ensure that each ptp has the same experience aside from the variation in the IV

Question 17

How to reduce demand characteristics

Answer 17

Single and double blind trails
- single blind = ptp does not know the aim of the experiment
-double blind = both ptp and reuse her ones not know aim of study

Stops researcher influencing behaviour with body language

Or a Standardised script

Question 18

Pilot studies

Answer 18

Small scale version of the main research study conduced before the main study

Question 19

Aims of pilot studies

Answer 19

Improve quality of the main research study by assessing the experience of ptp in the pilot

Question 20

Examples of wht a pilot study can reveal

Answer 20

• check for ethical issues
• unexpected extraneous varibles can be controlled
• takes to much time ma need to alter standardised procedure

Question 21

What is a peer review

Answer 21

• Before publication = researcher show their written up study to other experts in their field, and reviewed
• unaccounted variables may be identified that have confounded results