variation and selection- key terms Flashcards

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1
Q

Define Variation

A

differences between individuals of the same species
Both genetic and environmental factors cause phenotypic variation

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2
Q

Define Continuous Variation

A

results in a range of phenotypes between two extremes; examples include body length and body mass

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3
Q

Define Discontinuous Variation

A

results in a limited number of phenotypes with no intermediates (e.g. ABO blood groups, seed shape in peas and seed colour in peas)

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4
Q

Define mutation

A

A genetic change.

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5
Q

Define Gene Mutation

A

a change in the base sequence of DNA

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6
Q

Define Adaptive Feature

A

an inherited (structural) feature that helps an organism to survive and reproduce in its environment

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7
Q

Define Xerophytes

A

live in deserts where water is scarce, and evaporation is rapid or in windy habitats.

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8
Q

Define Hydrophytes

A

live wholly or partly submerged in water.

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9
Q

Define Artificial Selection

A

breeds organisms with valued characteristics together to produce offspring that share those valuable characteristics.

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10
Q

Define adapation

A

the process of natural selection by which populations become more suited to their environment over many generations.

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