variation and selection- key terms

Question 1

Define Variation

Answer 1

differences between individuals of the same species
Both genetic and environmental factors cause phenotypic variation

Question 2

Define Continuous Variation

Answer 2

results in a range of phenotypes between two extremes; examples include body length and body mass

Question 3

Define Discontinuous Variation

Answer 3

results in a limited number of phenotypes with no intermediates (e.g. ABO blood groups, seed shape in peas and seed colour in peas)

Question 4

Define mutation

Answer 4

A genetic change.

Question 5

Define Gene Mutation

Answer 5

a change in the base sequence of DNA

Question 6

Define Adaptive Feature

Answer 6

an inherited (structural) feature that helps an organism to survive and reproduce in its environment

Question 7

Define Xerophytes

Answer 7

live in deserts where water is scarce, and evaporation is rapid or in windy habitats.

Question 8

Define Hydrophytes

Answer 8

live wholly or partly submerged in water.

Question 9

Define Artificial Selection

Answer 9

breeds organisms with valued characteristics together to produce offspring that share those valuable characteristics.

Question 10

Define adapation

Answer 10

the process of natural selection by which populations become more suited to their environment over many generations.