Organisation of the Organism - key terms

Question 1

Define a cell membrane

Answer 1

controls movement in and out of cells

Question 2

Define a cytoplasm

Answer 2

where chemical reactions take place

Question 3

Define a nucleus

Answer 3

contains DNA (genetic material) and controls the cell

Question 4

Define a mitochondria

Answer 4

where aerobic respiration happens

Question 5

Define a ribosome

Answer 5

allows protein synthesis in the cytoplasm

Question 6

Define a endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 6

Studded with ribosomes, it looks rough under the microscope.

Question 7

[Plant cells] Define a vacuole

Answer 7

cell sap to keep cell turgid

Question 8

[Plant cells] Define a cell wall

Answer 8

rigid to hold the shape of the cell, strengthens the cell

Question 8

[Plant cells] Define a chloroplasts

Answer 8

contain chlorophyll, which absorbs light energy for photosynthesis

Question 9

Define what a bracteria is

Answer 9

bracteria is prokaryotes

Question 10

Define what a bracteria contains

Answer 10

A bacterial cell only contains a cell wall made of peptidoglycan, cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, and plasmids.

Question 11

Define a plasmid

Answer 11

are small, circular rings of DNA in the cytoplasm with extra genes outside the chromosomal DNA.

Question 12

Define a cell

Answer 12

building blocks of life

Question 13

Define a tissue

Answer 13

Groups of cells with similar structures working together to perform a shared function

Question 14

Define an organ

Answer 14

Group of tissues working together to perform a specific function

Question 15

Define an organ system

Answer 15

Group of organs with related functions working together to perform body functions.

Question 16

Define an organism

Answer 16

a human

Question 17

[specialised cells] Define a ciliated cells fuction and location

Answer 17

function: Movement of mucus in the trachea and bronchi

location: Respiratory Tract, Fallopian Tube, Testes

Question 18

[specialised cells] Define root hair cells function and location

Answer 18

function: Absorption

location: Roots

Question 19

[specialised cells] Define a palisade mesophyll cell funcation and location

Answer 19

function: Photosynthesis

location: Leaf Cells

Question 20

[specialised cells] Define neurones function and location

Answer 20

function: Conduction of electrical impulses

location: Everywhere in an organism

Question 21

[specialised cells] Define a red blood cells function and location

Answer 21

function: Transport of oxygen

location: Everywhere in an organism

Question 22

[specialised cells] Define a sperm and egg cells/ovum (gametes) function and location.

Answer 22

function: For reproduction

location: In their respective gonads