Valvular Disease Flashcards
Abnormal/damaged valves are more frequently infected by ______ pathogens
Benign
Cause of aortic regurgitation
Valve disease, aortic root dilatation
Cause of Mitral Prolapse?
Inherited disorder, Connective Tissue Disease, Elongated/Ruptured Chordae
Complications of cardiac valve vegetations (3)
Embolism; Valve function defects; Potential to become infected
Major manifestations of aortic stenosis (3)
Angina, exertional syncope, CHF
Most common cause of aortic stenosis in patients <50yo
Bicuspid valve
Most common cause of aortic stenosis in patients >70yo
Degenerative Calcification
Most common cause of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic Fever
Most common cause of pulmonic regurgitation
Severe pulmonary hypertension
Most common cause of pulmonic stenosis
Congenital deformity
Most common cause of tricuspid regurgitation
Enlargement of the right ventricle
Most common cause of tricuspid stenosis
Rheumatic Fever
Name the defect: Early diastolic murmur, best heard after exhalation with patient leaning slightly forward
Aortic or pulmonic regurgitation
Name the defect: Late systolic murmur radiating from the apex to the axilla
Mitral Valve Prolapse
Name the defect: Loud S1 and opening snap after S2
Mitral stenosis
Name the defect: mid to late diastolic murmur at the apex
Mitral stenosis
Name the defect: Pansystolic murmur at the apex radiating to the axilla
Mitral regurgitation
Name the defect: Pansystolic murmur at the lower left sternal border radiating to the lower right sternal border
Mitral regurgitation
Name the defect: systolic blowing ejection murmur heard on the left sternal border
Pulmonic stenosis
Name the defect: systolic blowing ejection murmur heard on the right sternal border
Aortic stenosis
Normal valves are more frequently infected by ______ pathogens
Virulent
Treatment for severe causes of aortic regurgitation
Vasodilators/ACEIs to decrease afterload
Treatment for symptomatic aortic regurgitation or LV dysfunction
Valve replacement
Treatment of mitral regurgitation
Valve repair
