Valve Disease Flashcards

1
Q

What causes the noise of a cardiac murmur?

A

Noise due to turbulent blood flow within the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Diastolic or systolic murmurs are in time with the carotid pulse?

A

Sytolic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a thrill?

A

Palpable murmur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Are left or right sided murmurs louder on inspiration?

A

Right sided

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Main non-invasive investigation for diagnosing cardiac murmurs?

A

Echocardiography

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Name an invasive investigation for diagnosing cardiac murmurs?

A

Angiography/catheterisation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the 2 causes (apart from rheumatics) of aortic stenosis?

A

Congenital bicuspid valve

Calcification with age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Can aortic stenosis patients be asymptomatic?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What type of murmur is aortic stenosis and where does it radiate?

A

Ejection systolic and carotids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are some signs of aortic stenosis?

A

Slow-rising pulse

Heaving apex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the 2 causes (apart from rheumatics) of mitral regurgitation?

A

Chordae/papillary rupture

Leaflet prolapse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What type of murmur is mitral regurgitation and where does it radiate?

A

Pansystolic and axilla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Name a feature of mitral regurgitation?

A

Displaced apex beat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the main cause of mitral stenosis?

A

Rheumatic disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What type of murmur is mitral stenosis and where is it heard?

A

Mid-diastolic rumble and apex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are 3 signs of MiTral Stenosis?

A

Malar flush
Tapping apex
Side (louder)

17
Q

What is a cause (apart from rheumatics) of aortic regurgitation?

A

Marfan’s syndrome

18
Q

What type of murmur is aortic regurgitation and where is it heard?

A

Early diastolic and left sternal edge

19
Q

What are some signs of aortic regurgitation?

A

Collapsing pulse

Louder holding breath and sitting forward

20
Q

Murmur associated with AF?

A

Mitral stenosis

21
Q

Outline treatment for heart murmurs?

A

Valve replacement, balloon valvuloplasty (stenosis), diuretics and ACEi

22
Q

Early diastolic murmur in a symptom-free child?

A

Innocent murmur

23
Q

IV drug user with pansystolic murmur on inspiration?

A

Tricuspid regurgitation

24
Q

Crescendo-decrescendo murmur?

A

Aortic stenosis

25
Q

Disease linked to dysfunction of heart valves?

A

Endocarditis