Endocarditis Flashcards
What is meant by bacteraemia?
Presence of bacteria in the bloodstream
What temperature are blood cultures kept at and how many should be taken?
37 C and 3 sets
2 main organisms for native/normal valve endocarditis?
Staph aureas
Strep viridans
What are the commonest factors that predispose to endocarditis?
Diseased valves
Prosthetic valves
IV drug users
What is the general pathogenesis of endocarditis?
Organisms form vegetations on heart valves
2 main organisms for prosthetic valve or IV drug user endocarditis?
Staph aureus
Staph epidermidis
What are some signs of endocarditis?
Murmur Clubbing Splinter haemorrhage Splenomegaly Roth spots, Janeway lesions, Osler nodes
What are roth spots?
Retinal haemorrhages
Right-sided endocarditis/ tricuspid valve affected?
IV drug user
Which empirical antibiotics are given for native/normal valve endocarditis?
Amoxicillin IV
Gentamicin IV
Which empirical antibiotics are given for prosthetic valve endocarditis?
Vancomycin IV
Gentamicin IV
Which antibiotic is given for staph aureas endocarditis?
Flucloxacillin IV
Which antibiotics are given for MRSA, enterococcus and staph epidermidis endocarditis?
Vancomycin IV
Gentamicin IV
Which antibiotics are given for Strep viridans endocarditis?
Benzylpenicillin IV
Gentamicin IV
How long are IV antibiotics usually given for?
4-6 weeks
