Values Flashcards
What are values?
The basic motivations in peoples’ lives
What is the Schwartz value theory?
It is a guiding principle in your life determining how important equality, loyalty, wealth, ambition, obedience, pleasure, creativity, humility and social order is
What are the characteristics of values?
Relatively stable, socially positive, organised in personal hierarchies, available to consciousness
What are values systematically related to?
Background variables, attitudes, preferences, behaviour
How are values organised?
In a map of correlations, when they are closer they are more positively correlated
What are the values in Schwartz (1992) structure of values?
Universalism, benevolence, conformity, security, power, tradition, achievement, hedonism, stimulation and self-direction
What is the bleed-over effect?
How adjacent values in the circle have similar relations to any attitude or behaviour
What did Dollinger & Kobayashi, 2003 find? (Bleed-over effect)
Problematic alcohol use positively related to both hedonism and stimulation values
What is the seesaw effect?
An attitude or behaviour that is positively related to one value is often negatively related to conflicting values
What did Knafo et al, 2008, find? (Seesaw effect)
Adolescents’ self-reported violence is positively related to power values and negatively to the universialism values
What is the hypotheses derivation?
People who value a specific value will be positively correlated with those values
What do seesaw effect and bleed-over effects form?
Sinusoid relations
How do values relate to behaviour?
Those who value something very highly always behave according to the value
What did Boer et al, 2011, find?
People are more attracted to those with similar music tastes partly because they think they share the same values
What is the SVS measurement of values?
A list of values, rating how important is equality (equal opportunity for all) and successful (achieving goals), the scale (-1 is opposed and 7 is supreme importance)
